Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Durham, NC 27599, USA.
Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC 280821, USA.
Nutrients. 2022 May 10;14(10):1990. doi: 10.3390/nu14101990.
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subtype of breast cancer that is notoriously aggressive and has poorer outcomes as compared with other breast cancer subtypes. Due to a lack of targeted therapies, TNBC is often treated with chemotherapeutics as opposed to hormone therapy or other targeted therapies available to individuals with estrogen receptor positive (ER+) breast cancers. Because of the lack of treatment options for TNBC, other therapeutic avenues are being explored. Metabolic reprogramming, a hallmark of cancer, provides potential opportunities to target cancer cells more specifically, increasing efficacy and reducing side effects. Nutrients serve a significant role in metabolic processes involved in DNA transcription, protein folding, and function as co-factors in enzyme activity, and may provide novel strategies to target cancer cell metabolism in TNBC. This article reviews studies that have investigated how nutrients/nutraceuticals target metabolic processes in TNBC cells alone or in combination with existing drugs to exert anticancer effects. These agents have been shown to cause perturbations in many metabolic processes related to glucose metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, as well as autophagy and oxidative stress-related metabolism. With this information, we present the potential of nutrients as metabolism-directed anticancer agents and the potential for using these agents alone or in cocktails as a new direction for TNBC therapy.
三阴性乳腺癌（TNBC）是一种乳腺癌亚型，与其他乳腺癌亚型相比，它具有侵袭性强、预后差的特点。由于缺乏靶向治疗药物，TNBC 通常采用化疗药物治疗，而不是针对雌激素受体阳性（ER+）乳腺癌患者的激素治疗或其他靶向治疗。由于缺乏 TNBC 的治疗选择，正在探索其他治疗途径。代谢重编程是癌症的一个标志，为更特异性地靶向癌细胞提供了潜在机会，提高了疗效，减少了副作用。营养素在参与 DNA 转录、蛋白质折叠和酶活性辅助因子的代谢过程中起着重要作用，可能为 TNBC 中的癌细胞代谢提供新的靶向策略。本文综述了研究如何单独或与现有药物联合使用营养素/营养保健品来发挥抗癌作用，以靶向 TNBC 细胞中的代谢过程。这些药物已被证明会导致与葡萄糖代谢、脂肪酸代谢以及自噬和氧化应激相关代谢有关的许多代谢过程发生紊乱。有了这些信息，我们提出了营养素作为代谢定向抗癌剂的潜力，以及单独或作为鸡尾酒使用这些药物作为 TNBC 治疗新方向的潜力。
