School of Computing, Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley PA1 2BE, UK.
Sensors (Basel). 2022 May 23;22(10):3956. doi: 10.3390/s22103956.
The use of low-cost sensors in IoT over high-cost devices has been considered less expensive. However, these low-cost sensors have their own limitations such as the accuracy, quality, and reliability of the data collected. Fog computing offers solutions to those limitations; nevertheless, owning to its intrinsic distributed architecture, it faces challenges in the form of security of fog devices, secure authentication and privacy. Blockchain technology has been utilised to offer solutions for the authentication and security challenges in fog systems. This paper proposes an authentication system that utilises the characteristics and advantages of blockchain and smart contracts to authenticate users securely. The implemented system uses the email address, username, Ethereum address, password and data from a biometric reader to register and authenticate users. Experiments showed that the proposed method is secure and achieved performance improvement when compared to existing methods. The comparison of results with state-of-the-art showed that the proposed authentication system consumed up to 30% fewer resources in transaction and execution cost; however, there was an increase of up to 30% in miner fees.
在物联网中使用低成本传感器而不是高成本设备被认为是更经济的选择。然而，这些低成本传感器有其自身的局限性，例如所收集数据的准确性、质量和可靠性。雾计算为这些局限性提供了解决方案；然而，由于其固有的分布式架构，它面临着雾设备安全性、安全认证和隐私方面的挑战。区块链技术已被用于为雾系统的认证和安全挑战提供解决方案。本文提出了一种利用区块链和智能合约的特点和优势来安全认证用户的认证系统。所实现的系统使用电子邮件地址、用户名、以太坊地址、密码和生物识别读取器的数据来注册和认证用户。实验表明，与现有方法相比，所提出的方法是安全的，并实现了性能的提高。与现有技术的结果比较表明，所提出的认证系统在交易和执行成本方面消耗的资源减少了 30%，而矿工费用增加了 30%。
