Alalwan Abdullah A
Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia.
Vaccines (Basel). 2022 Apr 23;10(5):669. doi: 10.3390/vaccines10050669.
(1) Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommend that every person aged six months and over receive the influenza vaccine every year. Previous studies indicate that rural-area residents have less access to preventative health care services. This study aims to examine the variation in influenza vaccine use among rural and urban counties in Florida. (2) Methods: The study studied 24,116 participants from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System database. The study included only patients who live in Florida. We performed logistic regression analysis using survey procedures available in SAS®. Our regression model assessed the association between receiving the influenza vaccine and county status, age, income level, education level, and health coverage. We used ArcGIS software to create prevalence and vaccination maps. (3) Results: Of the total number of the study participants, 45.31% were residents of rural counties, and 54.69% were residents of urban counties. The logistic regression model showed no significant association between residing in rural counties and not receiving influenza vaccine in the past year (−0.05560, p-value = 0.0549). However, we found significant associations between not receiving influenza vaccine and age, high education level, and not having health care coverage (−0.0412, p-value < 0.0001; −0.04462, p-value = 0.0139; and 0.4956, p-value < 0.0001, respectively). (4)Conclusions: Our study did not find an association between influenza vaccine use among rural and urban residence. Increasing age, higher education, and having health care insurance had positive associations with influenza vaccine use.
(1) 背景：世界卫生组织（WHO）和疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）建议，每个6个月及以上的人每年都应接种流感疫苗。先前的研究表明，农村地区居民获得预防性医疗服务的机会较少。本研究旨在调查佛罗里达州农村和城市县之间流感疫苗使用情况的差异。(2) 方法：该研究对行为危险因素监测系统数据库中的24,116名参与者进行了研究。该研究仅纳入居住在佛罗里达州的患者。我们使用SAS®中可用的调查程序进行逻辑回归分析。我们的回归模型评估了接种流感疫苗与县状况、年龄、收入水平、教育水平和医保覆盖之间的关联。我们使用ArcGIS软件创建患病率和疫苗接种地图。(3) 结果：在研究参与者总数中，45.31%是农村县居民，54.69%是城市县居民。逻辑回归模型显示，居住在农村县与过去一年未接种流感疫苗之间无显著关联（−0.05560，p值 = 0.0549）。然而，我们发现未接种流感疫苗与年龄、高教育水平以及没有医保覆盖之间存在显著关联（分别为−0.0412，p值 < 0.0001；−0.04462，p值 = 0.0139；以及0.4956，p值 < 0.0001）。(4) 结论：我们的研究未发现农村和城市居民在流感疫苗使用上存在关联。年龄增加、教育程度较高以及拥有医疗保险与流感疫苗使用呈正相关。
