Global Action For Fungal Infections, Geneva, Switzerland.
Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
Mycoses. 2022 Aug;65(8):806-814. doi: 10.1111/myc.13474. Epub 2022 Jun 19.
The epidemiology of fungal infections in Eritrea is unknown. Most cases are under-reported due to a lack of diagnostics. This study estimates the burden of serious fungal infections and highlights treatment and diagnostic gaps in the country. All publications related to fungal infections were identified by searches using PubMed/Medline and Google Scholar. Where no data were available, data from neighbouring countries, then sub-Saharan African countries, then other parts of the world were considered for deriving estimates. The Eritrea population was 3,546,427 in 2020. In 2020, HIV/AIDS patients numbered 1400 and TB incidence were 2875. The five-year adult prevalence of asthma (2016-2020) was 41,390, and the total prevalence estimate of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) was 308,328. The annual incidence of cryptococcal meningitis and Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in AIDS patients was estimated at 96 and 205 cases. Oesophageal candidiasis incidence is 715 HIV-infected patients. Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis prevalence, including post-tuberculosis cases, was estimated at 1399 (39/100,000). Fungal asthma has a prevalence of 1035 and 1366 in adults. The estimated prevalence of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis and tinea capitis is 59,391 and 342,585, respectively. There are no data on candidaemia, but it is estimated at 5/100,000 (177 cases annually). Invasive aspergillosis in leukaemia, lung cancer, COPD and HIV is estimated at 540 cases and fungal keratitis in 514 cases annually. Serious fungal infections are prevalent in Eritrea with approximately 408,164 people (11.5%) affected annually. Studies on fungal diseases to improve diagnosis and treatment are required with the implementation of a national surveillance program.
厄立特里亚的真菌感染流行病学情况尚不清楚。由于缺乏诊断方法，大多数病例未得到报告。本研究估计了严重真菌感染的负担，并强调了该国在治疗和诊断方面的差距。使用 PubMed/Medline 和 Google Scholar 进行搜索，确定了与真菌感染相关的所有出版物。在没有数据的情况下，会考虑从邻国、撒哈拉以南非洲国家以及世界其他地区的数据来进行估计。2020 年，厄立特里亚的人口为 3546427 人。2020 年，艾滋病毒/艾滋病患者人数为 1400 人，结核病发病率为 2875 人。2016 年至 2020 年，五年期成人哮喘患病率为 41390 人，慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）总患病率估计为 308328 人。艾滋病患者中隐球菌性脑膜炎和卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎的年发病率估计为 96 例和 205 例。艾滋病毒感染者中食管念珠菌病的发病率为 715 例。包括肺结核后病例在内的慢性肺曲霉病患病率估计为 1399 例（每 10 万人中有 39 例）。真菌性哮喘在成年患者中的患病率为 1035 例和 1366 例。复发性外阴阴道念珠菌病和头癣的估计患病率分别为 59391 例和 342585 例。目前尚无念珠菌血症的数据，但估计为 5/100000（每年 177 例）。白血病、肺癌、COPD 和 HIV 患者侵袭性曲霉病的估计发病率为每年 540 例，真菌性角膜炎为每年 514 例。严重真菌感染在厄立特里亚很普遍，每年约有 408164 人（11.5%）受到影响。需要开展真菌病研究以改善诊断和治疗，并实施国家监测计划。
