Zhang Xianyi, Chen Chan, Xu Yuzhong
The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
The People's Hospital of Baoan Shenzhen, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China.
Front Microbiol. 2022 May 11;13:883513. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.883513. eCollection 2022.
Tuberculosis (TB) caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is the leading lethal infectious disease with 1.3 million deaths in 2020. Despite significant advances have been made in detection techniques and therapeutic approaches for tuberculosis, no suitable diagnostic tools are available for early and precise screening. Many studies have reported that Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a regulatory role in gene expression in the host immune response against Mtb. Dysregulation of lncRNAs expression patterns associated with immunoregulatory pathways arose in mycobacterial infection. Meanwhile, host-induced lncRNAs regulate antibacterial processes such as apoptosis and autophagy to limit bacterial proliferation. In this review, we try to summarize the latest reports on how dysregulated expressed lncRNAs influence host immune response in tuberculosis infection. We also discuss their potential clinical prospects for tuberculosis diagnosis and development as molecular biomarkers.
由结核分枝杆菌（Mtb）引起的结核病（TB）是主要的致死性传染病，2020年有130万人死亡。尽管结核病的检测技术和治疗方法取得了重大进展，但尚无适用于早期精确筛查的诊断工具。许多研究报告称，长链非编码RNA（lncRNAs）在宿主针对Mtb的免疫反应中的基因表达中发挥调节作用。在分枝杆菌感染中，与免疫调节途径相关的lncRNAs表达模式出现失调。同时，宿主诱导的lncRNAs调节诸如凋亡和自噬等抗菌过程以限制细菌增殖。在本综述中，我们试图总结关于表达失调的lncRNAs如何影响结核病感染中宿主免疫反应的最新报道。我们还讨论了它们作为分子生物标志物在结核病诊断和开发方面的潜在临床前景。
