Fu Rongtao, Chen Cheng, Wang Jian, Liu Yao, Zhao Liyu, Lu Daihua
Institute of Plant Protection, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, China.
Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Southwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, China.
Front Microbiol. 2022 May 12;13:701489. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.701489. eCollection 2022.
infects rice, causing rice false smut disease and reduced yields. During its growth, can also produce some toxins but less is known about the response mechanisms of the plant to toxins. toxins can inhibit the accumulation of total sugar in rice panicles. We used RNA sequencing to analyze the differential expression profile induced by infiltrating crude toxins into early growth-stage rice panicles. We compared the transcriptomes of the control and crude toxin-treated rice panicles and determined variable transcriptional responses under the action of the crude toxins. A total of 6,127 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. Among these genes, 3,150 were upregulated and 2,977 were downregulated. Gene Ontology (GO) and metabolic pathway enrichment analyses indicated that toxins mainly influenced glycometabolism, amino acid metabolism, and secondary metabolism of rice panicles. DEG analysis showed that the gene expression levels of 10 transcription factor families were significantly changed. Genes involved in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, flavonoid biosynthesis, sugar transporters, and starch synthesis-related were significantly downregulated, including cytochrome P450, beta-glucosidase, CHS1, sucrose transporters, SWEETs, starch-branching enzymes, and UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase. However, genes involved in programmed cell death (PCD) were significantly upregulated and contained cytochrome c, metacaspase, and protein kinase genes. The results indicate that toxins may act as the pathogenic factors to reduce stress resistance, disrupt total sugar accumulation and starch formation, and induce PCD.
感染水稻，导致水稻稻曲病并降低产量。在其生长过程中，还会产生一些毒素，但关于植物对该毒素的响应机制了解较少。该毒素会抑制水稻穗中总糖的积累。我们使用RNA测序来分析将粗毒素渗入水稻生长早期穗中所诱导的差异表达谱。我们比较了对照和粗毒素处理的水稻穗的转录组，并确定了粗毒素作用下的可变转录反应。共鉴定出6127个差异表达基因（DEG）。其中，3150个基因上调，2977个基因下调。基因本体论（GO）和代谢途径富集分析表明，该毒素主要影响水稻穗的糖代谢、氨基酸代谢和次生代谢。DEG分析表明，10个转录因子家族的基因表达水平发生了显著变化。参与苯丙烷生物合成、类黄酮生物合成、糖转运蛋白和淀粉合成相关的基因显著下调，包括细胞色素P450、β-葡萄糖苷酶、CHS1、蔗糖转运蛋白、SWEETs、淀粉分支酶和UDP-葡萄糖焦磷酸化酶。然而，参与程序性细胞死亡（PCD）的基因显著上调，包括细胞色素c、metacaspase和蛋白激酶基因。结果表明，该毒素可能作为致病因子降低水稻的抗逆性，破坏总糖积累和淀粉形成，并诱导PCD。
