Galgano Alissa C, Cohn Jason E, Licata Jordan J, Othman Sammy, Stucker Fred J, Bundrick Paige
Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Division of Facial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery, LSU Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA.
Craniomaxillofac Trauma Reconstr. 2022 Jun;15(2):122-127. doi: 10.1177/19433875211020933. Epub 2021 Jun 1.
Retrospective, observational, cross-sectional study.
To determine the incidence of skiing-related facial trauma and to identify their patterns in terms of potential risk factors, mechanism of injury, anatomical location, and degree of severity.
Data was collected using the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System and included snow skiing-related incidents during the years 2009 to 2018. Specifically, injuries limited to the facial region including the head, face, eye(s), mouth, neck or ear(s) were reported. Patients with fractures were further classified by the study variables. Descriptive statistics were used to classify continuous variables while chi-square analysis was used to compare categorical variables.
A total of 514 (n = 514) patients met the inclusion criteria within the study period. The majority of injuries were due to concussions (59%), followed by lacerations (18%), fractures (11%), contusions (11%) and dental injuries (1%). Of the fractures seen, the majority were nasal (30%) and cervical spine (30%), followed by midface (27%), mandible (9%) and skull (4%). In our population, head injuries were more common in females (80%) than in males (60%), whereas, mouth injuries were more common in males (8%) than females (1%) [χ = 30.2, p < 0.001].
Skiing-related craniofacial trauma remains a significant mechanism of injury. Our data illustrates a need to correlate these injuries to the use of personal protective equipment. Furthermore, this data calls for the strict implementation of such equipment and the development of safety protocols to further prevent deleterious injury.
回顾性、观察性横断面研究。
确定滑雪相关面部创伤的发生率，并根据潜在风险因素、损伤机制、解剖位置和严重程度确定其模式。
使用国家电子伤害监测系统收集数据，包括2009年至2018年期间与滑雪相关的事件。具体而言，报告仅限于面部区域（包括头部、面部、眼睛、嘴巴、颈部或耳朵）的损伤。骨折患者进一步按研究变量分类。描述性统计用于分类连续变量，而卡方分析用于比较分类变量。
在研究期间，共有514名患者符合纳入标准。大多数损伤是由脑震荡（59%）引起的，其次是撕裂伤（18%）、骨折（11%）、挫伤（11%）和牙齿损伤（1%）。在所见的骨折中，大多数是鼻骨骨折（30%）和颈椎骨折（30%），其次是面中部骨折（27%）、下颌骨骨折（9%）和颅骨骨折（4%）。在我们的研究人群中，头部损伤在女性中（80%）比男性中（60%）更常见，而嘴巴损伤在男性中（8%）比女性中（1%）更常见[χ = 30.2，p < 0.001]。
滑雪相关的颅面创伤仍然是一种重要的损伤机制。我们的数据表明需要将这些损伤与个人防护装备的使用联系起来。此外，这些数据呼吁严格实施此类装备并制定安全协议以进一步预防有害损伤。
