Halstensen A, Pedersen S H, Haneberg B, Bjorvatn B, Solberg C O
Scand J Infect Dis. 1987;19(1):35-42. doi: 10.3109/00365548709032375.
In the period 1976-84, 211 patients hospitalized with meningococcal disease were examined for possible relation between various epidemiological parameters and fatality. The peak incidences were in the age groups 0-4 and 13-18 years, with teenage girls peaking 2 years ahead of the boys. The overall case fatality rate was 8.5%. In septicemic patients (without meningitis) hypotension and/or ecchymoses on admission correlated strongly with a poor prognosis. Most deaths occurred during the months of March and November, and none during the summer months. There was a significant clustering of deaths among patients admitted during the morning hours, probably due to delayed diagnosis and treatment during the night. Since almost all patients who died had skin bleedings on admission, frequent examination of the skin in cases with acute unexplained fever might have saved lives.
在1976年至1984年期间，对211例因脑膜炎球菌病住院的患者进行了检查，以探讨各种流行病学参数与死亡率之间的可能关系。发病高峰出现在0至4岁和13至18岁年龄组，十几岁的女孩比男孩提前两年达到发病高峰。总体病死率为8.5%。在败血症患者（无脑膜炎）中，入院时的低血压和/或瘀斑与预后不良密切相关。大多数死亡发生在3月和11月，夏季无死亡病例。上午入院的患者中死亡有明显的聚集现象，可能是由于夜间诊断和治疗延迟所致。由于几乎所有死亡患者入院时都有皮肤出血，因此对急性不明原因发热患者频繁检查皮肤可能会挽救生命。
