Jacoby Keya B, Hall-Clifford Rachel, Whitney Cynthia G, Collins Matthew H
Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States.
Department of Sociology, Center for the Study of Human Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States.
Public Health Pract (Oxf). 2022 Jun;3:100276. doi: 10.1016/j.puhip.2022.100276. Epub 2022 May 25.
The COVID-19 pandemic continues to place an inordinate burden on U.S. population health, and vaccination is the most powerful tool for curbing SARS-CoV-2 transmission, saving lives, and promoting economic recovery. However, much of the U.S. population remains hesitant to get vaccinated against COVID-19, despite having access to these life-saving vaccines. This study's objective was to examine the demographic characteristics, experiences, and disease- and vaccine-related risk perceptions that influence an individual's decision to adhere to vaccine recommendations for COVID-19.
A telephone survey was performed with a convenience sample of 57 participants.
This mixed-methods study collected quantitative and qualitative responses about seasonal influenza and COVID-19 vaccine intentions to compare vaccine hesitancies between a novel and routine vaccine.
The primary facilitators of uptake for the COVID-19 vaccine were personal protection, protecting others, preserving public health, and general vaccine confidence. Concerns about vaccine side effects, concerns about the COVID-19 vaccine trials, misinformation about vaccination, personal aversions to the vaccine, general distrust in vaccination, complacency, and distrust in government were the primary barriers to vaccine uptake. Race was also associated with COVID-19 vaccine intentions.
The results of this research have been condensed into four recommendations designed to optimize public health messaging around the COVID-19 vaccine and maximize future vaccine uptake.
新冠疫情持续给美国民众健康带来巨大负担，而接种疫苗是遏制新冠病毒传播、拯救生命和促进经济复苏的最有力工具。然而，尽管能够获得这些救命疫苗，但美国大部分民众仍对接种新冠疫苗犹豫不决。本研究的目的是调查影响个人决定遵循新冠疫苗接种建议的人口统计学特征、经历以及与疾病和疫苗相关的风险认知。
对57名参与者的便利样本进行了电话调查。
这项混合方法研究收集了关于季节性流感和新冠疫苗接种意愿的定量和定性回答，以比较新型疫苗和常规疫苗之间的疫苗犹豫情况。
接种新冠疫苗的主要促进因素是个人防护、保护他人、维护公众健康以及对疫苗的总体信心。对疫苗副作用的担忧、对新冠疫苗试验的担忧、关于疫苗接种的错误信息、个人对疫苗的反感、对疫苗接种的普遍不信任、自满情绪以及对政府的不信任是疫苗接种的主要障碍。种族也与新冠疫苗接种意愿有关。
本研究结果已浓缩为四项建议，旨在优化围绕新冠疫苗的公共卫生信息，并最大限度地提高未来的疫苗接种率。
