Pak J Biol Sci. 2022 Jan;25(5):458-467. doi: 10.3923/pjbs.2022.458.467.
<b>Background and Objective:</b> The clearwing moth (<i>Synanthedon myopaeformis</i> Borkh.) is considered one of the most dangerous pests infesting apple orchards in Egypt, causing the destruction of apple trees and a significant reduction in tree vigour and yield. Therefore, controlling it has become an important issue. The present study aimed to investigate the differences in <i>S. myopaeformis</i> infestation in apple orchards in different geographical regions and the infestation rates to different agricultural operations. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> The infestation percentages of <i>S. myopaeformis</i> in different geographical regions under varying agricultural operations were determined. Additionally, the amounts of chemical components (e.g., phenols, proline and total carbohydrates and proteins) in the stems and leaves of both infested and healthy apple trees were determined. Finally, the efficacy of seven different materials of varying types to control the borer was tested by painting the trunks of the apple trees. <b>Results:</b> The highest numbers of <i>S. myopaeformis</i> were recorded in July at locations with varying agricultural operations: Melig (25.88 adults), Kafer-Aleim (20.30 adults) and Al-Khatatba (13.02 adults). The emergence percentages recorded at the abovementioned locations were 44.55, 33.40 and 22.05%, respectively. The infested trees contained high amounts of proline and phenols in both stems and leaves, whereas total carbohydrate and protein contents were low. The highest reduction in the emergent population was recorded with the use of the pesticide Ranous (82.16%) and the application of used motor oil on the trunk (78.15%). <b>Conclusion:</b> The proposed treatment of infested apple trees is painting the trunks during the summer months, when <i>S. myopaeformis</i> activity is high, with motor oil and the pesticide Ranous. The accumulation of phenol and proline in the infested trees indicated a type of direct defense mechanism against <i>S. myopaeformis</i> attacks.
透翅蛾（Synanthedon myopaeformis Borkh.）被认为是埃及苹果园最危险的害虫之一，它会破坏苹果树，显著降低树木的活力和产量。因此，对其进行防治已成为一个重要问题。本研究旨在调查不同地理区域苹果园中透翅蛾的危害程度以及不同农事操作对其危害的差异。材料与方法：确定了不同地理区域和农事操作下透翅蛾的危害率，并测定了感虫和健康苹果树的茎和叶中化学物质成分（如酚类、脯氨酸和总碳水化合物及蛋白质）的含量。最后，通过在苹果树树干上涂漆，测试了 7 种不同类型的材料对控制透翅蛾的效果。结果：7 月在农事操作不同的 Melig（成虫 25.88 头）、Kafer-Aleim（成虫 20.30 头）和 Al-Khatatba（成虫 13.02 头）地区记录到的透翅蛾数量最多。上述地区的成虫羽化率分别为 44.55%、33.40%和 22.05%。感虫树木的茎和叶中均含有大量的脯氨酸和酚类，而总碳水化合物和蛋白质含量较低。使用杀虫剂 Ranous（82.16%）和在树干上涂抹废机油（78.15%）处理，成虫羽化率降低幅度最大。结论：建议在透翅蛾活动高峰期（夏季），用废机油和杀虫剂 Ranous 涂刷树干，以处理感虫苹果树。感虫树木中酚类和脯氨酸的积累表明其对透翅蛾攻击存在一种直接防御机制。
