教育、邻里环境与认知衰退：来自中国两项老年前瞻性队列研究的发现。
Education, neighborhood environment, and cognitive decline: Findings from two prospective cohort studies of older adults in China.
机构信息
Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Human Phenome Institute, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
出版信息
Alzheimers Dement. 2023 Feb;19(2):560-568. doi: 10.1002/alz.12679. Epub 2022 May 31.
INTRODUCTION
The impacts of education on cognitive decline across different neighborhood environments (NEs) have rarely been studied.
METHODS
We investigated and compared the associations between educational attainment and cognitive decline using data of 1286 participants from the Taizhou Imaging Study (TIS) and the Shanghai Aging Study (SAS).
RESULTS
Compared with low-educated participants, in TIS with disadvantaged NE, high-educated participants manifested a significantly slower decline in global cognition (.062 Z score per year, P < .001), memory (.054 Z score per year, P < .05), and attention (.065 Z score per year, P < .01), whereas in SAS with advanced NE, highly educated individuals exhibited a slower decline only in attention (.028 Z score per year, P < .05).
DISCUSSION
We observed the additive effect of educational attainment and NE on cognitive decline in older adults. Education is especially important for maintaining cognitive health in a disadvantaged environment.
简介
教育对不同邻里环境（NEs）认知能力下降的影响很少被研究。
方法
我们利用来自台州影像研究（TIS）和上海老龄化研究（SAS）的 1286 名参与者的数据，调查并比较了受教育程度与认知能力下降之间的关系。
结果
与低学历的参与者相比，在邻里环境处于不利地位的 TIS 中，高学历的参与者在全球认知能力（每年 0.062 个 Z 分数，P<0.001）、记忆力（每年 0.054 个 Z 分数，P<0.05）和注意力（每年 0.065 个 Z 分数，P<0.01）方面的下降速度明显较慢，而在邻里环境较先进的 SAS 中，高学历的个体在注意力方面的下降速度较慢（每年 0.028 个 Z 分数，P<0.05）。
讨论
我们观察到受教育程度和 NE 对老年人认知能力下降的累加效应。教育对维持不利环境中的认知健康尤为重要。
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