Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Veracruzana, Miguel Ángel de Quevedo s/n, 91710 Veracruz, Veracruz, Mexico.
Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Veracruzana, Miguel Ángel de Quevedo s/n, 91710 Veracruz, Veracruz, Mexico; Facultad de Bioanálisis, Universidad Veracruzana, Iturbide s/n, 91700 Veracruz, Veracruz, Mexico.
Vet Parasitol. 2022 Jul;307-308:109733. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2022.109733. Epub 2022 May 25.
This study evaluates the acaricidal activity of Mexican native plants against a Rhipicephalus microplus population resistant to both amitraz and cypermethrin. To explore the activities of plants, the larvicidal effects of 72 Kupchan fractions (Hex, DCM, AcOEt and MeOH:HO) of 18 plant species collected in Veracruz, Mexico were studied. The evaluation of the Kupchan fractions against double resistant R. microplus indicated that the fractions of Annona globiflora (Hex, LC = 0.007% w/v; DCM, LC = 0.007% w/v), Annona scleroderma (Hex, LC = 0.08% w/v; DCM, LC = 0.02% w/v), and Litchi chinensis (Hex, LC = 0.79% w/v; DCM, LC = 0.54% w/v) showed the greatest larvicidal activities. To identify the presence of additive, synergistic, or antagonistic effects, the acaricidal activity of binary mixtures of the most active fractions of A. globiflora, A. scleroderma, L. chinensis and Citrus sinensis were also evaluated. The latter was chosen as it is easy to obtain due to its substantial presence in agricultural activity locally and globally. The results showed synergistic interaction of the fraction Hex of C. sinensis with the fractions of Hex and DCM of L. chinensis. The most active larvicidal fractions were tested against engorged ticks of R. microplus by adult immersion test at concentration of 2.5% w/v. The Hex and DCM fractions from A. globiflora and A. scleroderma were the most active, causing 100% mortality. The Hex and DCM fractions of L. chinensis exhibited approximately 50% mortality, while the other evaluated fractions did not show efficacy at this concentration. Therefore, it is evident that the fractions of these plants have the potential to be used in either combined or single form as effective alternatives in the control of R. microplus zoonoses.
本研究评估了墨西哥本土植物对同时耐受胺菊酯和氯菊酯的牛皮蝇蛆种群的杀螨活性。为了探索植物的活性，研究了在墨西哥韦拉克鲁斯州采集的 18 种植物的 72 个 Kupchan 馏分（Hex、DCM、AcOEt 和 MeOH:HO）的幼虫杀灭效果。对双抗性 R. microplus 的 Kupchan 馏分进行评估表明，Annona globiflora（Hex，LC = 0.007%w/v；DCM，LC = 0.007%w/v）、Annona scleroderma（Hex，LC = 0.08%w/v；DCM，LC = 0.02%w/v）和 Litchi chinensis（Hex，LC = 0.79%w/v；DCM，LC = 0.54%w/v）的馏分显示出最强的幼虫杀灭活性。为了确定是否存在相加、协同或拮抗作用，还评估了最活跃的 A. globiflora、A. scleroderma、L. chinensis 和 Citrus sinensis 馏分的二元混合物的杀螨活性。选择后者是因为由于其在当地和全球农业活动中的大量存在，很容易获得。结果表明，Hex 馏分的协同相互作用C.sinensis与 L. chinensis 的 Hex 和 DCM 馏分。最活跃的幼虫杀灭馏分在 2.5%w/v 浓度下通过成虫浸泡试验测试对 R. microplus 饱血蜱的作用。A. globiflora 和 A. scleroderma 的 Hex 和 DCM 馏分最为活跃，导致 100%死亡。L. chinensis 的 Hex 和 DCM 馏分表现出约 50%的死亡率，而其他评估的馏分在该浓度下没有表现出功效。因此，显然这些植物的馏分具有作为控制 R. microplus 人畜共患病的有效替代品单独或联合使用的潜力。
