Jamieson Bradley B, Piet Richard
The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.
Brain Health Research Institute and Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA.
Front Neuroendocrinol. 2022 Jul;66:101006. doi: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2022.101006. Epub 2022 May 29.
The obligatory role of kisspeptin (KISS1) and its receptor (KISS1R) in regulating the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, puberty and fertility was uncovered in 2003. In the few years that followed, an impressive body of work undertaken in many species established that neurons producing kisspeptin orchestrate gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neuron activity and subsequent GnRH and gonadotropin hormone secretory patterns, through kisspeptin-KISS1R signaling, and mediate many aspects of gonadal steroid hormone feedback regulation of GnRH neurons. Here, we review knowledge accrued over the past decade, mainly in genetically modified mouse models, of the electrophysiological properties of kisspeptin neurons and their regulation by hormonal feedback. We also discuss recent progress in our understanding of the role of these cells within neuronal circuits that control GnRH neuron activity and GnRH secretion, energy balance and, potentially, other homeostatic and reproductive functions.
2003年发现了亲吻素（KISS1）及其受体（KISS1R）在调节下丘脑 - 垂体 - 性腺轴、青春期和生育能力方面的重要作用。在随后的几年里，许多物种开展了大量令人瞩目的研究工作，证实了产生亲吻素的神经元通过亲吻素 - KISS1R信号传导协调促性腺激素释放激素（GnRH）神经元的活动以及随后的GnRH和促性腺激素分泌模式，并介导GnRH神经元性腺类固醇激素反馈调节的许多方面。在此，我们回顾过去十年中，主要在转基因小鼠模型中积累的关于亲吻素神经元电生理特性及其激素反馈调节的知识。我们还讨论了在理解这些细胞在控制GnRH神经元活动和GnRH分泌、能量平衡以及潜在的其他稳态和生殖功能的神经回路中的作用方面的最新进展。
