Program of Tissue and Organ Homeostasis, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo, Ochoa", CSIC-UAM, Madrid 28049, Spain; Ramon & Cajal Health Research Institute (IRYCIS), Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid 28034, Spain.
Program of Tissue and Organ Homeostasis, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo, Ochoa", CSIC-UAM, Madrid 28049, Spain.
Semin Cell Dev Biol. 2022 Nov;131:160-172. doi: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2022.05.015. Epub 2022 May 28.
The Metazoan complexity arises from a primary building block, the epithelium, which comprises a layer of polarized cells that divide the organism into compartments. Most of these body compartments are organs formed by epithelial tubes that enclose an internal hollow space or lumen. Over the last decades, multiple studies have unmasked the paramount events required to form this lumen de novo. In epithelial cells, these events mainly involve recognizing external clues, establishing and maintaining apicobasal polarity, endo-lysosomal trafficking, and expanding the created lumen. Although canonical autophagy has been classically considered a catabolic process needed for cell survival, multiple studies have also emphasized its crucial role in epithelial polarity, morphogenesis and cellular homeostasis. Furthermore, non-canonical autophagy pathways have been recently discovered as atypical secretory routes. Both canonical and non-canonical pathways play essential roles in epithelial polarity and lumen formation. This review addresses how the molecular machinery for epithelial polarity and autophagy interplay in different processes and how autophagy functions influence lumenogenesis, emphasizing its role in the lumen formation key events.
后生动物的复杂性源于一个主要的构建模块，即上皮组织，它由一层极化细胞组成，将生物体分隔成不同的隔室。这些体腔隔室中的大多数都是由包围内部中空空间或腔的上皮管形成的器官。在过去的几十年中，多项研究揭示了形成这种新腔的关键事件。在上皮细胞中，这些事件主要涉及识别外部线索、建立和维持顶底极性、内吞体-溶酶体运输以及扩大已形成的腔。尽管经典的自噬被认为是细胞生存所需的分解代谢过程，但多项研究也强调了它在上皮极性、形态发生和细胞动态平衡中的关键作用。此外，最近发现了非典型的自噬途径作为非典型分泌途径。经典和非经典途径在上皮极性和腔形成中都起着至关重要的作用。这篇综述探讨了上皮极性和自噬的分子机制如何在不同的过程中相互作用，以及自噬功能如何影响腔发生，强调了它在腔形成关键事件中的作用。
