Department of Cell Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
Semin Cell Dev Biol. 2023 Jan 15;133:65-73. doi: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2022.03.016. Epub 2022 Mar 17.
A ubiquitous feature of animal development is the formation of fluid-filled cavities or lumina, which transport gases and fluids across tissues and organs. Among different species, lumina vary drastically in size, scale, and complexity. However, all lumen formation processes share key morphogenetic principles that underly their development. Fundamentally, a lumen simply consists of epithelial cells that encapsulate a continuous internal space, and a common way of building a lumen is via opening and enlarging by filling it with fluid and/or macromolecules. Here, we discuss how polarized targeting of membrane and secreted proteins regulates lumen formation, mainly focusing on ion transporters in vertebrate model systems. We also discuss mechanistic differences observed among invertebrates and vertebrates and describe how the unique properties of the Na/K-ATPase and junctional proteins can promote polarization of immature epithelia to build lumina de novo in developing organs.
动物发育的一个普遍特征是形成充满液体的腔或管腔，这些腔或管腔将气体和液体输送穿过组织和器官。在不同的物种中，管腔的大小、比例和复杂性差异很大。然而，所有管腔形成过程都共享关键的形态发生原则，这些原则是它们发育的基础。从根本上说，管腔仅仅由包裹连续内部空间的上皮细胞组成，而形成管腔的一种常见方法是通过填充液体和/或大分子来打开和扩大管腔。在这里，我们讨论了膜和分泌蛋白的极化靶向如何调节管腔形成，主要集中在脊椎动物模型系统中的离子转运蛋白上。我们还讨论了在无脊椎动物和脊椎动物中观察到的机制差异，并描述了 Na/K-ATPase 和连接蛋白的独特特性如何促进不成熟上皮细胞的极化，以在发育中的器官中从头构建管腔。
