Kons Christine, Wicklein Susanne, Biber Roland
Klinik für Unfallchirurgie, Akademisches Lehrkrankenhaus der Paracelsus Medizinischen Privatuniversität, Kliniken Dr. Erler gGmbH, Kontumazgarten 4-19, 90429, Nürnberg, Deutschland.
Klinikum Nürnberg, Universitätsklinik für Geriatrie, Paracelsus Medizinische Privatuniversität, Prof.-Ernst-Nathan-Str. 1, 90419, Nürnberg, Deutschland.
Z Gerontol Geriatr. 2022 Jul;55(4):331-341. doi: 10.1007/s00391-022-02061-3. Epub 2022 Jun 1.
Sacral fractures in geriatric patients are increasing and form a distinct entity. Clinical findings can be unspecific, which is why they are easily overlooked. It is mandatory to analyze the whole pelvic ring for evaluation of pelvic stability and for making treatment decisions. The primary diagnostics are made using plain X‑radiography; however, for assessment of the posterior pelvic ring an examination using sectional imaging is regularly necessary. The fragility fractures of the pelvis (FFP) classification is suitable as a guideline for the surgical treatment to be used. Stable fractures without relevant displacement after initial mobilization should be treated conservatively. Instability, failure of mobilization and persistent pain are, however, common reasons for surgical treatment. Fracture displacement determines if minimally invasive procedures for posterior and anterior pelvic ring stabilization are possible. Otherwise, complex open procedures such as spinopelvic fixation may be necessary.
老年患者的骶骨骨折日益增多,且构成一种独特的病症。临床症状可能不具有特异性,这就是它们容易被忽视的原因。为评估骨盆稳定性和做出治疗决策,对整个骨盆环进行分析是必不可少的。初步诊断主要通过普通X线摄影进行;然而,对于评估骨盆后环,通常需要进行断层成像检查。骨盆脆性骨折(FFP)分类适合作为所采用手术治疗的指导原则。初次活动后无相关移位的稳定骨折应采用保守治疗。然而,不稳定、活动障碍及持续性疼痛是手术治疗的常见原因。骨折移位决定了是否可行骨盆前后环稳定的微创手术。否则,可能需要进行诸如脊柱骨盆固定等复杂的开放手术。