Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
BC Women's Hospital and Health Service, Women's Health Research Institute, 4500 Oak St, Vancouver, BC, V6H N9, Canada.
BMC Womens Health. 2022 May 28;22(1):197. doi: 10.1186/s12905-022-01778-y.
Approximately 80% of deaths due to cervical cancer occur in low- and middle-income countries. In Guatemala, limited access to effective screening and treatment has resulted in alarmingly high cervical cancer incidence and mortality rates. Despite access to free-of-cost screening, women continue to face significant barriers in obtaining screening for cervical cancer.
In-depth interviews (N = 21) were conducted among women in two rural communities in Guatemala. Interviews followed a semi-structured guide to explore knowledge related to cervical cancer and barriers and facilitators to cervical cancer screening.
Cervical cancer knowledge was variable across sites and across women. Women reported barriers to screening including ancillary costs, control by male partners, poor provider communication and systems-level resource constraints. Facilitators to screening included a desire to know one's own health status, conversations with other women, including community health workers, and extra-governmental health campaigns.
Findings speak to the many challenges women face in obtaining screening for cervical cancer in their communities as well as existing facilitators. Future interventions must focus on improving cervical cancer-related knowledge as well as mitigating barriers and leveraging facilitators to promote screening.
约 80%的宫颈癌死亡发生在中低收入国家。在危地马拉，由于有效筛查和治疗的机会有限，导致宫颈癌发病率和死亡率高得惊人。尽管可以免费进行筛查，但妇女在获得宫颈癌筛查方面仍然面临着重大障碍。
在危地马拉的两个农村社区中，对 21 名妇女进行了深入访谈。访谈采用半结构化指南，探讨了与宫颈癌相关的知识，以及宫颈癌筛查的障碍和促进因素。
宫颈癌知识在不同地点和不同妇女之间存在差异。妇女报告了筛查的障碍，包括辅助费用、男性伴侣的控制、提供者沟通不良和系统层面的资源限制。筛查的促进因素包括了解自身健康状况的愿望、与其他妇女的交谈，包括社区卫生工作者，以及政府外的健康运动。
研究结果表明，妇女在社区获得宫颈癌筛查方面面临着许多挑战，同时也存在一些促进因素。未来的干预措施必须注重提高与宫颈癌相关的知识，减轻障碍，并利用促进因素来促进筛查。
