Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, 17165 Solna, Sweden.
Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Minami-osawa 1-1, Hachioji-shi, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan.
Plant Commun. 2022 Sep 12;3(5):100342. doi: 10.1016/j.xplc.2022.100342. Epub 2022 May 27.
Protein synthesis in crop plants contributes to the balance of food and fuel on our planet, which influences human metabolic activity and lifespan. Protein synthesis can be regulated with respect to changing environmental cues via the deposition of chemical modifications into rRNA. Here, we present the structure of a plant ribosome from tomato and a quantitative mass spectrometry analysis of its rRNAs. The study reveals fine features of the ribosomal proteins and 71 plant-specific rRNA modifications, and it re-annotates 30 rRNA residues in the available sequence. At the protein level, isoAsp is found in position 137 of uS11, and a zinc finger previously believed to be universal is missing from eL34, suggesting a lower effect of zinc deficiency on protein synthesis in plants. At the rRNA level, the plant ribosome differs markedly from its human counterpart with respect to the spatial distribution of modifications. Thus, it represents an additional layer of gene expression regulation, highlighting the molecular signature of a plant ribosome. The results provide a reference model of a plant ribosome for structural studies and an accurate marker for molecular ecology.
作物中的蛋白质合成有助于平衡我们星球上的食物和燃料，从而影响人类的新陈代谢活动和寿命。通过将化学修饰物沉积到 rRNA 中，可以根据环境变化的提示来调节蛋白质合成。在这里，我们展示了来自番茄的植物核糖体的结构及其 rRNA 的定量质谱分析。该研究揭示了核糖体蛋白和 71 种植物特异性 rRNA 修饰的细微特征，并重新注释了现有序列中的 30 个 rRNA 残基。在蛋白质水平上，在 uS11 的位置 137 处发现了异天冬氨酸，而先前被认为普遍存在的锌指从 eL34 中缺失，这表明缺锌对植物蛋白质合成的影响较小。在 rRNA 水平上，植物核糖体与人类核糖体在修饰的空间分布上有明显的不同。因此，它代表了基因表达调控的另一个层次，突出了植物核糖体的分子特征。该结果为结构研究提供了植物核糖体的参考模型，并为分子生态学提供了准确的标记。
