Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Narayana Dental College, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Indian J Dent Res. 2021 Oct-Dec;32(4):416-422. doi: 10.4103/ijdr.IJDR_563_20.
The present study aimed to determine the risk factors related to permanent maxillary incisors and soft tissue injuries along with providing information about the age distribution of trauma, overjet, lip competence and physical activity.
The sample consisted of 2100 school children aged 8-14 years from 15 schools in the Nellore district. The sample was selected adopting a stratified random sampling method and screened applying WHO criteria for the oral examination. The screening was done in classrooms to obtain demographic data, including name, age, gender and children's experience to the maxillary incisor and soft tissue injuries. The injuries were categorized according to Andreasen classification. Overjet and lip competences were recorded, and physical activity was assessed using a questionnaire (PAQ-C).
Of the 2100 children, 228 (10.8%) had suffered traumatic injuries. Boys were 1.6 fold more prone to trauma than girls. Enamel fractures were a common type of trauma, and the commonly involved were maxillary central incisors. The relative risk for trauma is 1.215 times higher in increased overjet when compared to normal overjet. Incompetent lips showed 1.189 times greater risk of trauma. The high physical activity showed 1.692 times higher risk for trauma when compared to low physical activity.
The prevalence of traumatic dental injuries among 8-14 year children was 10.8%. Boys were more commonly injured than girls. Increased overjet incompetent lips and high physical activities are risk factors for trauma. Enamel fracture was the most common type, and maxillary central incisors were the most common teeth having traumatic injuries.
本研究旨在确定与上颌恒切牙和软组织损伤相关的风险因素，并提供有关创伤、上切牙覆盖、唇功能和身体活动的年龄分布信息。
该样本包括来自内洛尔区 15 所学校的 2100 名 8-14 岁的学龄儿童。采用分层随机抽样法选取样本，并采用世界卫生组织（WHO）口腔检查标准进行筛选。在教室中进行筛选，以获取包括姓名、年龄、性别以及儿童上颌切牙和软组织损伤经历在内的人口统计学数据。根据 Andreasen 分类对损伤进行分类。记录上切牙覆盖和唇功能，并使用问卷（PAQ-C）评估身体活动。
在 2100 名儿童中，有 228 名（10.8%）遭受过创伤性损伤。男孩比女孩更容易受到创伤。牙釉质骨折是常见的创伤类型，最常受累的是上颌中切牙。与正常上切牙覆盖相比，上切牙覆盖增加时，创伤的相对风险增加 1.215 倍。唇功能不全时，创伤的风险增加 1.189 倍。与低身体活动相比，高身体活动时创伤的风险增加 1.692 倍。
8-14 岁儿童中创伤性牙外伤的患病率为 10.8%。男孩比女孩更容易受伤。上切牙覆盖增加、唇功能不全和高身体活动是创伤的危险因素。牙釉质骨折是最常见的损伤类型，上颌中切牙是最常见的受伤牙齿。
