Paludo Ana Carolina, Magatão Marina, Martins Hilana Rickli Fiuza, Martins Marcos Vinícius Soares, Kumstát Michal
Incubator of Kinanthropology Research, Faculty of Sport Studies, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia.
Department of Physical Education, Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste, Guarapuava, Brazil.
Front Psychol. 2022 May 12;13:856185. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.856185. eCollection 2022.
The article aims to summarize the literature about the profile of risk of orthorexia in athletes using the ORTO-15 questionnaire. The search was performed at PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Sport Discus databases, using the terms "orthorexia" AND "athletes" with the respective entry terms. A multistage process of selection followed the PRISMA 2020 recommendation. A total of 688 articles were identified, and six studies were available for the final process. The prevalence of risk for orthorexia was assessed by the articles by the ORTO-15 questionnaire and ranged between 38 and 35 points. The comparison between male and female athletes and, athletes and non-athletes was not significant in the six articles. In conclusion, the review highlights that athletes from different sports, included in the review, do not present a risk of orthorexia nervosa considering the cutoff of 40 points, but not 35 points. Also, athletes present the same orthorexic behavior compared to non-athletes, demonstrating that orthorexia is an issue that needs to be considered in the general population. Moreover, a special focus should be given on the ORTO-15 questionnaire, about the sensitivity to diagnose the prevalence of orthorexia, especially in athletes.
本文旨在总结使用ORTO-15问卷对运动员正食症风险概况的相关文献。检索在PubMed、Embase、Web of Science和Sport Discus数据库中进行，使用了“正食症”和“运动员”以及各自的检索词。按照PRISMA 2020建议进行了多阶段筛选过程。共识别出688篇文章，最终纳入六项研究。这些文章通过ORTO-15问卷评估了正食症的风险患病率，范围在38至35分之间。在这六项文章中，男女运动员之间以及运动员与非运动员之间的比较无显著差异。总之，该综述强调，考虑到40分的临界值而非35分，纳入综述的不同运动项目的运动员不存在神经性正食症风险。此外，与非运动员相比，运动员表现出相同的正食行为，表明正食症是普通人群中需要考虑的一个问题。而且，应特别关注ORTO-15问卷在诊断正食症患病率方面的敏感性，尤其是在运动员中。
