Jia Yuxiang, Yao Yu, Zhuo Limin, Chen Xingxing, Yan Cuina, Ji Yonghua, Tao Jie, Zhu Yudan
School of Medicine and School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China.
Department of Neurology and Central Laboratory, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Front Neurol. 2022 May 13;13:862078. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2022.862078. eCollection 2022.
Brain disorders, including stroke, Alzheimer's disease, depression, and chronic pain, are difficult to effectively treat. These major brain disorders have high incidence and mortality rates in the general population, and seriously affect not only the patient's quality of life, but also increases the burden of social medical care. Aerobic physical exercise is considered an effective adjuvant therapy for preventing and treating major brain disorders. Although the underlying regulatory mechanisms are still unknown, systemic processes may be involved. Here, this review aimed to reveal that aerobic physical exercise improved depression and several brain functions, including cognitive functions, and provided chronic pain relief. We concluded that aerobic physical exercise helps to maintain the regulatory mechanisms of brain homeostasis through anti-inflammatory mechanisms and enhanced synaptic plasticity and inhibition of hippocampal atrophy and neuronal apoptosis. In addition, we also discussed the cross-system mechanisms of aerobic exercise in regulating imbalances in brain function, such as the "bone-brain axis." Furthermore, our findings provide a scientific basis for the clinical application of aerobic physical exercise in the fight against brain disorders.
包括中风、阿尔茨海默病、抑郁症和慢性疼痛在内的脑部疾病难以得到有效治疗。这些主要的脑部疾病在普通人群中的发病率和死亡率都很高，不仅严重影响患者的生活质量，还增加了社会医疗负担。有氧运动被认为是预防和治疗主要脑部疾病的一种有效辅助疗法。尽管其潜在的调节机制尚不清楚，但可能涉及全身过程。在此，本综述旨在揭示有氧运动可改善抑郁症以及包括认知功能在内的多种脑功能，并缓解慢性疼痛。我们得出结论，有氧运动通过抗炎机制、增强突触可塑性以及抑制海马萎缩和神经元凋亡，有助于维持脑内稳态的调节机制。此外，我们还讨论了有氧运动在调节脑功能失衡方面的跨系统机制，如“骨 - 脑轴”。此外，我们的研究结果为有氧运动在对抗脑部疾病的临床应用提供了科学依据。
