Zhu Yan, Duan Shixin, Wang Mei, Deng Zhili, Li Ji
Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
Hunan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
Front Cell Dev Biol. 2022 May 11;10:906755. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2022.906755. eCollection 2022.
Since the embryo, the nervous system and immune system have been interacting to regulate each other's development and working together to resist harmful stimuli. However, oversensitive neural response and uncontrolled immune attack are major causes of various diseases, especially in barrier organs, while neural-immune interaction makes it worse. As the first defense line, the barrier organs give a guarantee to maintain homeostasis in external environment. And the dense nerve innervation and abundant immune cell population in barrier organs facilitate the neuroimmune interaction, which is the physiological basis of multiple neuroimmune-related diseases. Neuroimmune-related diseases often have complex mechanisms and require a combination of drugs, posing challenges in finding etiology and treatment. Therefore, it is of great significance to illustrate the specific mechanism and exact way of neuro-immune interaction. In this review, we first described the mutual regulation of the two principal systems and then focused on neuro-immune interaction in the barrier organs, including intestinal tract, lungs and skin, to clarify the mechanisms and provide ideas for clinical etiology exploration and treatment.
从胚胎期开始，神经系统和免疫系统就一直在相互作用，以调节彼此的发育，并共同抵御有害刺激。然而，神经反应过度敏感和免疫攻击失控是各种疾病的主要原因，尤其是在屏障器官中，而神经免疫相互作用会使情况变得更糟。作为第一道防线，屏障器官为维持外部环境的稳态提供了保障。屏障器官中密集的神经支配和丰富的免疫细胞群体促进了神经免疫相互作用，这是多种神经免疫相关疾病的生理基础。神经免疫相关疾病的机制往往很复杂，需要联合用药，这在病因查找和治疗方面都带来了挑战。因此，阐明神经免疫相互作用的具体机制和确切方式具有重要意义。在这篇综述中，我们首先描述了这两个主要系统的相互调节，然后重点关注了肠道、肺和皮肤等屏障器官中的神经免疫相互作用，以阐明其机制，并为临床病因探索和治疗提供思路。
