Eastern Cape Department of Health, Port Elizabeth Provincial Hospital, Port Elizabeth, South Africa.
School of Life and Health Sciences, University of Roehampton, London.
J Prev Med Hyg. 2022 Apr 26;63(1):E27-E34. doi: 10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2022.63.1.2209. eCollection 2022 Mar.
Health promotion (HP) at the population level serves to improve health inequalities, enhance the quality of life, and ensures the provision of healthcare and related services. Nurses at all levels are charged with the task of ensuring that patients receive HP services. However, their competence in addressing this challenge needs further exploration. This study assessed the influence of HP knowledge and perceptions in nurses' HP practice.
The study was conducted using a self-administered questionnaire among 184 nurses randomly sampled from a tertiary hospital. Questions bordered on respondents' demographics, knowledge, perception, and practice of HP. Responses were retrieved and analysed using IBM SPSS Statistics, Version 26.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp, 2019.
Analysis showed a statistically significant relationship between participants demographics and possessing adequate knowledge to provide HP services. Statistically significant relationships were found amongst the following variables: 'A holistic knowledge of disease pathology and processes are vital for effective care of patients' and 'education of patients on medication' p = 0.001, 'awareness of importance of educating patients about their condition' and 'patients encouraged to engage in healthy lifestyle' p < 0.001.
Data showed that nurses' knowledge regarding HP had a strong influence on their perception of HP. Their perception of HP in turn strongly influenced their practice of the same. Therefore, rigorous efforts must be made by governmental agencies, and organizations involved in healthcare worker training and nursing accreditation, to ensure the HP curriculum is well incorporated in nursing undergraduate training and sustained in service.
人群层面的健康促进（HP）有助于改善健康不平等，提高生活质量，并确保医疗保健和相关服务的提供。各级护士都有责任确保患者获得 HP 服务。然而，他们在应对这一挑战方面的能力需要进一步探讨。本研究评估了 HP 知识和观念对护士 HP 实践的影响。
本研究采用横断面研究方法，对某三级医院的 184 名护士进行了问卷调查。问卷内容包括护士的人口统计学特征、HP 知识、观念和实践。采用 IBM SPSS Statistics 26.0 软件进行数据分析。
分析显示，参与者的人口统计学特征与具备提供 HP 服务的充足知识之间存在统计学显著关系。以下变量之间存在统计学显著关系：“全面了解疾病的病理和过程对于有效护理患者至关重要”与“对患者进行药物教育”（p=0.001），“意识到教育患者了解自身状况的重要性”与“鼓励患者参与健康的生活方式”（p<0.001）。
数据表明，护士对 HP 的知识水平对其对 HP 的看法有很强的影响。他们对 HP 的看法又强烈影响了他们对 HP 的实践。因此，政府机构和参与医疗保健工作者培训和护理认证的组织必须做出艰苦努力，确保 HP 课程在护理本科培训中得到充分纳入，并在服务中得到持续。
