Department of Vitreo-retina and Uvea Services, MGM Eye Institute, Raipur, India.
Department of Cornea and Anterior segment Services, MGM Eye Institute, Raipur, India.
Indian J Ophthalmol. 2022 Jun;70(6):1931-1944. doi: 10.4103/ijo.IJO_2363_21.
Sympathetic ophthalmia is a rare, bilateral, granulomatous, panuveitis following penetrating trauma or surgery to one eye. Clinical presentation commonly occurs within the first year of trauma occurrence but can be delayed by several years. It manifests as acute/chronic granulomatous uveitis with yellowish-white choroidal lesions or Dalen-Fuchs nodules. Initially, patients respond rapidly to corticosteroid therapy, but a majority require long-term use of corticosteroid-sparing agents to prevent recurrences. The purpose of this review is to elaborate on the current understanding of the pathophysiology, the importance of multimodal imaging in early diagnosis, and the role of newer immunomodulatory and biological agents in recalcitrant cases.
交感性眼炎是一种罕见的、双侧的、肉芽肿性、全葡萄膜炎，继发于一眼穿透性外伤或手术后。临床表现在外伤发生后的最初一年内常见，但也可延迟数年出现。其表现为急性/慢性肉芽肿性葡萄膜炎，伴有黄白色脉络膜病变或 Dalen-Fuchs 结节。最初，患者对皮质类固醇治疗反应迅速，但大多数患者需要长期使用皮质类固醇保存剂以预防复发。本文旨在详细阐述其目前对发病机制的理解、多模态成像在早期诊断中的重要性，以及新型免疫调节和生物制剂在难治性病例中的作用。
