Department of Kinesiology, California State University, Fullerton, California, United States of America.
Independent Researcher, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
PLoS One. 2022 Jun 1;17(6):e0268583. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268583. eCollection 2022.
The purpose of this study was to explore the association between participation in organized sport and a broad array of mental health difficulties among US children and adolescents. The data (cross-sectional) were from Data Release 3.0 (one-year follow-up visits on the full cohort) of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study-a broadly representative sample of 11,235 US children and adolescents aged 9 to 13 years. Parents/guardians provided self-reports of their child's mental health difficulties using the Child Behavior Checklist. To assess participation in organized sport, children and adolescents were categorized into one of four groups: 1) participation in team sport, 2) participation in individual sport, 3) participation in team and individual sport, and 4) non-sport participation. Participation in team sport compared to non-sport participation was associated with 10% lower anxious/depressed scores, 19% lower withdrawn/depressed scores, 17% lower social problems scores, 17% lower thought problems scores, and 12% lower attention problems scores. Participation in team sport compared to non-sport participation was also associated with 20% lower rule-breaking behavior scores for females (compared to males). Conversely, participation in individual sport compared to non-sport participation was associated with 16% higher anxious/depressed scores, 14% higher withdrawn/depressed scores, 12% higher social problems scores, and 14% higher attention problems scores. Participation in both team and individual sport compared to non-sport participation was associated with 17% lower rule-breaking behavior scores for females (compared to males). Results indicate that team sport participation was associated with fewer mental health difficulties, whereas individual sport participation was associated with greater mental health difficulties. The findings complement previous research suggesting that team sport participation may be a vehicle to support child and adolescent mental health. Additional research is needed to determine to what extent, and under what circumstances, participation in individual sport may be problematic for younger cohorts.
本研究旨在探讨美国儿童和青少年参与有组织的体育运动与广泛的心理健康问题之间的关联。该数据（横断面）来自青少年大脑认知发展研究（ABCD 研究）的数据发布 3.0 版（对完整队列的一年随访），这是一个广泛具有代表性的 11235 名 9 至 13 岁美国儿童和青少年的样本。父母/监护人使用儿童行为检查表报告他们孩子的心理健康问题。为了评估有组织的运动参与情况，将儿童和青少年分为以下四组之一：1）参与团队运动，2）参与个人运动，3）参与团队和个人运动，以及 4）非运动参与。与非运动参与相比，参与团队运动与以下方面的得分降低 10%相关：焦虑/抑郁得分、退缩/抑郁得分、社会问题得分、思维问题得分和注意力问题得分；与非运动参与相比，参与团队运动也与女性（与男性相比）的违规行为得分降低 20%相关。相反，与非运动参与相比，参与个人运动与以下方面的得分增加 16%相关：焦虑/抑郁得分、退缩/抑郁得分、社会问题得分和注意力问题得分。与非运动参与相比，参与团队和个人运动与女性（与男性相比）的违规行为得分降低 17%相关。结果表明，团队运动参与与较少的心理健康问题相关，而个人运动参与与更多的心理健康问题相关。这些发现补充了之前的研究，表明团队运动参与可能是支持儿童和青少年心理健康的一种手段。需要进一步研究以确定个人运动参与在何种程度和何种情况下可能对年轻群体造成问题。
