State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, PR China.
State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China.
J Environ Manage. 2022 Sep 1;317:115407. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115407. Epub 2022 May 29.
Eco-efficiency has been considered a valuable gauge for evaluating how efficient economic activities are in regard to resource inputs and eco-environmental pressures. Even though Ecosystem services (ESs) are inseparable from sustainable eco-environment, a paucity of literature has considered ESs in eco-efficiency research lines. Therefore, this study aims to construct a novel eco-efficiency evaluation framework by integrating ESs as natural capital input and measure it utilizing the Epsilon-based measure model for the county-level cities in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration (BTHUA) during the period 2005-2015. The spatial econometric technique is further performed to acquire quantitative evidence about whether ESs and other determinants impact eco-efficiency. The results revealed that eco-efficiency increased continuously in the whole BTHUA and BTHUA's optimized development functional areas, whereas eco-efficiency of BTHUA's sub-regions showed a significant temporal diversity. The average eco-efficiency values of cities in key development functional areas and restricted development functional areas showed the V-shaped trend (declining before 2010 and then rising). Interestingly, this study found that ESV economic loss may result in eco-efficiency decline for cities located in key development functional areas. From the spatial heterogeneity perspective, the city with high EE is mainly located in eastern BTHUA, whereas cities in the northern plateau areas, southwestern, and western BTHUA have relatively low EE. Furthermore, there existed a significant spatial autocorrelation and a spatial agglomeration heterogeneity, which suggests that the low-low correlation regions gradually being the most dominant spatial pattern. The results of spatial econometric model verified that water yield has the strongest positive effect on EE while soil erosion will lead to declining EE. This paper potentially provides new insights for future policy design of urban agglomeration sustainable deployment.
生态效率一直被认为是评估经济活动在资源投入和生态环境压力方面效率的一个有价值的指标。尽管生态系统服务（ESs）与可持续生态环境密不可分，但很少有文献将 ESs 纳入生态效率研究中。因此，本研究旨在通过将 ESs 作为自然资本投入纳入一个新的生态效率评估框架，并利用基于ε的测度模型来衡量 2005-2015 年京津冀城市群县级城市的生态效率。进一步采用空间计量经济学技术，获取关于 ESs 和其他决定因素是否影响生态效率的定量证据。研究结果表明，整个京津冀城市群及其优化发展功能区的生态效率持续增长，而京津冀城市群各子区域的生态效率则表现出显著的时间差异。重点发展功能区和限制发展功能区的城市平均生态效率值呈 V 形趋势（2010 年前下降，然后上升）。有趣的是，本研究发现，位于重点发展功能区的城市由于生态系统服务价值经济损失可能导致生态效率下降。从空间异质性的角度来看，高 EE 的城市主要位于京津冀城市群的东部，而位于高原地区北部、西南部和西部的城市 EE 相对较低。此外，还存在显著的空间自相关和空间集聚异质性，表明低-低相关区域逐渐成为最主要的空间格局。空间计量经济学模型的结果验证了产水量对 EE 具有最强的正向影响，而土壤侵蚀则会导致 EE 下降。本文为未来城市群可持续发展的政策设计提供了新的思路。
