Alfiansah Yustian Rovi, Harder Jens, Slater Matthew James, Gärdes Astrid
The Alfred Wegener Institute (AWI), Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Am Handelshafen 12, Bremerhaven, 27570, Germany.
Research Center for Oceanography, the National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jalan Pasir Putih I, Ancol Timur, Jakarta Utara, 14430 Indonesia.
Trop Life Sci Res. 2022 Mar;33(1):121-141. doi: 10.21315/tlsr2022.33.1.8. Epub 2022 Mar 31.
Suspended particulate matter, phytoplankton and bacteria can be exploited to form larger aggregates, so-called bio-flocs. These serve as feeds for cultured shrimps, govern inorganic nutrients and load bacteria including pathogens. The current study aimed to simulate aggregate formation from available particulate matter in shrimp pond water and investigate quality of aggregates as well as possible impact to the pond water. Molasses was added to cylindrical tanks containing shrimp pond waters, and the tanks were rolled for 48 h. Besides water quality (inorganic nutrients and physical parameters), the researchers investigated and separated bacterial community compositions (BCC) to free-living (FL) and bio-flocs/particle-attached (PA) bacteria via 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing, and measured macro-molecules contents (carbohydrates, lipids and proteins) in the bio-flocs. Molasses addition increased bacterial numbers in the bio-flocs to two-fold higher than the FL's. Moreover, potential probiotics such as , , and were detected associated to bio-flocs and dominated the BCC. In contrast, bio-flocs without molasses showed 4-fold less carbohydrates and harboured elevated potential pathogens such as and . Results show that molasses (at C/N ratio 1:2) increases pH (to 8.2 ± 0.09 and 8.0 ± 0.04 after 24 h and 48 h, respectively) in pond water, improving beneficial biofloc formation. Molasses also increased carbohydrates and proteins in bio-flocs and maintained abundances of beneficial bacteria resulting in low inorganic nutrient concentrations. Thus, molasses is suitable for shrimp farming to improve rearing processes.
悬浮颗粒物、浮游植物和细菌可以聚集形成更大的聚集体，即所谓的生物絮团。这些生物絮团可作为养殖虾类的饲料，控制无机养分，并承载包括病原体在内的细菌。本研究旨在模拟对虾池塘水中现有颗粒物形成聚集体的过程，并研究聚集体的质量以及对池塘水可能产生的影响。将糖蜜添加到装有对虾池塘水的圆柱形水箱中，并将水箱滚动48小时。除了水质（无机养分和物理参数）外，研究人员还通过16S rRNA扩增子测序调查并区分了细菌群落组成，将其分为自由生活（FL）细菌和生物絮团/颗粒附着（PA）细菌，并测量了生物絮团中的大分子含量（碳水化合物、脂质和蛋白质）。添加糖蜜使生物絮团中的细菌数量比自由生活细菌增加了两倍。此外，检测到与生物絮团相关的潜在益生菌，如[具体菌种1]、[具体菌种2]、[具体菌种3]和[具体菌种4]，并在细菌群落组成中占主导地位。相比之下，未添加糖蜜的生物絮团碳水化合物含量减少了4倍，并且含有如[具体病原体1]和[具体病原体2]等更多的潜在病原体。结果表明，糖蜜（碳氮比为1:2）可提高池塘水的pH值（分别在24小时和48小时后提高到8.2±0.09和8.0±0.04），促进有益生物絮团的形成。糖蜜还增加了生物絮团中的碳水化合物和蛋白质含量，并维持了有益细菌的丰度，从而降低了无机养分浓度。因此，糖蜜适用于对虾养殖，可改善养殖过程。
