Embrapa Agroindústria Tropical, Rua Doutora Sara Mesquita, 2270-Pici, Fortaleza, CE, CEP 60511-110, Brazil.
Department of Food Engineering, Universidade Federal Do Ceará, Campus do Pici, Bloco 858, Fortaleza, CE, CEP 60440-900, Brazil.
J Chem Ecol. 2022 Aug;48(7-8):660-669. doi: 10.1007/s10886-022-01365-3. Epub 2022 Jun 2.
In most commercial pine farms in southern Brazil, black capuchin causes damage to wood and financial losses when it removes bark from some pine species to feed upon underlying vascular tissues. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the variability of the primary metabolites of phloem saps from 10 different species of pine by NMR spectroscopy, as well as the aroma compounds using SPME-GC-MS. Each technique provided a different set of metabolites that we can correlate to monkey predilection. The PCA showed monosaccharide (detected by NMR) and α-pinene (pine-like and resinous flavor descriptors) as attractive compounds for monkeys. On the other hand, the low content of monosaccharide and the high content of β-phellandrene (citrus odor descriptor) was observed in less attacked pine species (P. patula). The data fusion on primary metabolites and aroma compounds corroborated the individual analyses, complementing the comprehension of the monkey predilection. Thus, P. elliottii was an avoided tree even with high content of sugars possibly due to its high content of β-phellandrene (citrus odor). The results are useful for further behavioral studies to determine the role that each highlighted metabolite plays in chemically mediated animal-plant interactions.
在巴西南部的大多数商业松林中，黑卷尾猴会剥去一些松树的树皮，以取食其下方的维管束组织，从而对树木造成损害并导致经济损失。因此，本研究旨在通过 NMR 光谱评估 10 种不同松树韧皮部汁液的主要代谢物的变异性，并使用 SPME-GC-MS 评估香气化合物。每种技术都提供了一组不同的代谢物，我们可以将其与猴子的偏好相关联。PCA 显示单糖（通过 NMR 检测）和 α-蒎烯（具有松脂味和树脂味的描述符）是吸引猴子的化合物。另一方面，在受攻击较少的松树物种（P. patula）中，观察到单糖含量低和β-水芹烯（柑橘味描述符）含量高。主要代谢物和香气化合物的数据融合证实了单独分析的结果，补充了对猴子偏好的理解。因此，即使 P. elliottii 糖含量高，它也可能由于含有高浓度的β-水芹烯（柑橘味）而被猴子回避。这些结果对于进一步的行为研究很有用，可以确定每个突出代谢物在化学介导的动植物相互作用中所起的作用。
