Pinto da Costa Mariana
Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom.
JMIR Form Res. 2022 Jun 2;6(6):e35086. doi: 10.2196/35086.
Intervention development is a critical stage. However, evidence indicates that the substandard reporting of intervention details is widespread.
This study aimed to provide an overview of the guiding frameworks, methodology, and stages for the design and construction of a new complex intervention-the Phone Pal.
The intervention development process followed the Medical Research Council framework for developing complex interventions as well as the person-based approach. The intervention was developed following the evidence synthesis of a literature review, a focus group study, and a survey after consultation and input from advisory groups with a range of stakeholders, including patients, volunteers, clinicians, and academics.
The developed logic model outlines the contextual factors, intervention, mechanisms of change, and short- and long-term outcomes. The operationalized intervention required matching 1 patient with 1 volunteer to communicate with each other through a smartphone via SMS text messages, WhatsApp messages or email, and audio or video calls. Each participant was encouraged to communicate with their match at least once per week for a 12-week period using informal conversation.
The systematic process and theoretically sound strategy through which this intervention was developed can provide insights to future researchers on the reality of developing and preparing the operationalization of a digital intervention using multiple components.
干预措施的开发是一个关键阶段。然而，有证据表明，干预细节报告不规范的情况很普遍。
本研究旨在概述一种新型复杂干预措施——电话伙伴（Phone Pal）的设计与构建的指导框架、方法和阶段。
干预措施的开发过程遵循医学研究理事会制定复杂干预措施的框架以及以人为本的方法。在咨询包括患者、志愿者、临床医生和学者在内的一系列利益相关者组成的咨询小组并获得其意见后，通过对文献综述、焦点小组研究和调查进行证据综合，来开发该干预措施。
所开发的逻辑模型概述了背景因素、干预措施、变化机制以及短期和长期结果。实施的干预措施要求为1名患者匹配1名志愿者，通过智能手机以短信、WhatsApp消息或电子邮件以及音频或视频通话的方式相互交流。鼓励每位参与者在为期12周的时间里，每周至少与匹配对象进行一次交流，采用非正式对话的形式。
开发此干预措施所采用的系统过程和理论上合理的策略可为未来研究人员提供关于开发和准备使用多个组件的数字干预措施实施方法的见解。
