School of Nursing, Virginia Commonwealth University, USA.
Health Sciences Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, USA.
J Pediatr Nurs. 2022 Sep-Oct;66:70-78. doi: 10.1016/j.pedn.2022.04.018. Epub 2022 May 31.
Health care transition (HCT) has become increasingly important as adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with complex medical conditions now live well into adulthood but little attention has been given to parents of AYAs preparing for HCT.
This scoping review aimed to identify and synthesize information on parental facilitators and barriers to health care transition readiness.
English-language, peer-reviewed original studies focused on the parents' experience of HCT were included. Studies were excluded if AYAs were not anticipated to be independent or if AYAs had only mental health disorders.
Parent-reported facilitators and barriers were identified in each study and then categorized to identify common themes.
Themes related to parental facilitators included evidence of coordination between pediatric and adult levels of care, healthcare provider guidance for HCT, and parental awareness and acceptance of natural seasons of life. Themes related to parental barriers included relationship loss, loss of parental role, lack of knowledge and/or skills, and concerns related to the health care system in general.
Common facilitators and barriers were found across studies, regardless of medical diagnosis. Relationships and role change figure prominently in parents' perceptions of the HCT experience and their readiness for their AYA children to transition. These findings suggest potential areas for future research inquiry as well as potential nursing interventions designed to aid parents through HCT.
随着患有复杂疾病的青少年和年轻人（AYAs）能够成年后过上良好的生活，但很少关注准备进行医疗过渡的 AYA 父母，医疗过渡（HCT）变得越来越重要。
本范围综述旨在确定并综合有关父母为 HCT 做好准备的促进因素和障碍的信息。
包括以父母的 HCT 体验为重点的英语同行评审原始研究。如果 AYAs 预计不会独立或 AYAs 只有心理健康障碍，则排除这些研究。
在每项研究中都确定了父母报告的促进因素和障碍，并对其进行分类以确定共同的主题。
与父母促进因素相关的主题包括儿科和成人医疗保健之间协调的证据、医疗保健提供者对 HCT 的指导以及父母对自然生命周期的意识和接受程度。与父母障碍相关的主题包括关系丧失、父母角色丧失、缺乏知识和/或技能以及对医疗保健系统的普遍关注。
无论医疗诊断如何，在研究中都发现了共同的促进因素和障碍。关系和角色的变化在父母对 HCT 体验的看法及其对 AYA 孩子过渡的准备程度中起着重要作用。这些发现表明了未来研究调查的潜在领域以及旨在帮助父母进行 HCT 的潜在护理干预措施。
