Konarski E A
Am J Ment Defic. 1987 Mar;91(5):537-42.
The accuracy of the response deprivation and probability differential hypotheses to predict reinforcement effects for mentally retarded persons was evaluated. Fifteen individuals listened to music and looked at slides in baseline phases, in reinforcement schedules and in control phases with no contingent relation between the responses. Individual analysis of instrumental responding indicated increases in those schedules that produced response deprivation but only once in schedules that did not, regardless of the probability differential between responses. The conclusions were that the response deprivation hypothesis identified the necessary and sufficient conditions for producing reinforcement for retarded persons and that this hypothesis might provide an alternative approach to reinforcer selection for retarded individuals.
对反应剥夺假说和概率差异假说预测智障人士强化效果的准确性进行了评估。15名个体在基线阶段、强化程序阶段以及反应之间不存在偶然关系的对照阶段听音乐并观看幻灯片。对工具性反应的个体分析表明，在产生反应剥夺的程序中反应增加，但在未产生反应剥夺的程序中仅出现过一次，无论反应之间的概率差异如何。结论是，反应剥夺假说确定了为智障人士产生强化的必要和充分条件，并且该假说可能为智障个体的强化物选择提供一种替代方法。
