Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China.
Department of Environmental Health and Occupational Medicine, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Front Public Health. 2022 May 17;10:843845. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.843845. eCollection 2022.
Occupational stress is generally acknowledged as a global phenomenon with significant health and economic consequences. The medical worker is a vulnerable group at a high-level risk for depression symptoms. This study aimed to examine the mediating effect of worker-occupation fit (WOF) in relation to occupational stress and depression symptoms among 1988 medical workers in China.
A multi-center cross-sectional study was conducted during June and October 2020 in Henan Province, China. The participants were medical workers from four targeted hospitals (included one general and three specialized hospitals). The Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21 Scale), Worker-Occupation Fit Inventory (WOFI), as well as questions about demographic and occupational information were administered in questionnaires distributed to 1988 medical workers. Hierarchical linear regression analysis was used to examine the mediating role of worker occupation fit.
In this study, there are 43.5% ( = 864) of medical workers experienced depression symptoms. The mean score of WOF was 31.6 ± 7.1, characteristic fit, need supply fit and demand ability fit were 11.3 ± 2.5, 10.1 ± 2.7, 12.9 ± 2.2, respectively. The occupational stress was negatively related to worker occupation fit ( = -0.395, < 0.001), characteristic fit ( = -0.529, < 0.001), need supply fit ( = -0.500, < 0.001), and demand ability fit ( = -0.345, < 0.001). The occupational stress and depression symptoms have a positive relationship ( = 0.798, < 0.001). The proportion of worker occupation fit mediation was 6.5% of total effect for depression symptoms.
Occupational stress has been identified as a risk factor for depression symptoms. Practical strategies for improving medical workers' WOF level would help them better cope with various work-related stressors to reduce depression symptoms. Hospital administrators could reduce medical workers' depression symptoms by taking comprehensive measures to improve the WOF.
职业压力被普遍认为是一种具有重大健康和经济后果的全球现象。医务人员是一个处于高水平抑郁症状风险的脆弱群体。本研究旨在检验中国 1988 名医务人员中工作与职业匹配（WOF）与职业压力和抑郁症状的关系。
本研究采用多中心横断面研究，于 2020 年 6 月至 10 月在河南省开展。参与者来自四家目标医院（包括一家综合医院和三家专科医院）的医务人员。采用抑郁、焦虑和压力量表（DASS-21 量表）、工作与职业匹配量表（WOFI）以及人口统计学和职业信息问题对 1988 名医务人员进行问卷调查。采用分层线性回归分析检验工作与职业匹配的中介作用。
本研究中，有 43.5%（=864）的医务人员出现抑郁症状。WOF 的平均得分为 31.6±7.1，特征匹配、需求供应匹配和需求能力匹配分别为 11.3±2.5、10.1±2.7、12.9±2.2。职业压力与工作与职业匹配呈负相关（=−0.395，<0.001），与特征匹配（=−0.529，<0.001）、需求供应匹配（=−0.500，<0.001）和需求能力匹配（=−0.345，<0.001）。职业压力与抑郁症状呈正相关（=0.798，<0.001）。工作与职业匹配对抑郁症状的总效应中介比例为 6.5%。
职业压力已被确定为抑郁症状的一个风险因素。提高医务人员 WOF 水平的实用策略有助于他们更好地应对各种与工作相关的压力源，从而降低抑郁症状。医院管理者可以通过采取综合措施提高 WOF，来降低医务人员的抑郁症状。
