Department of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA.
Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA.
J Vet Intern Med. 2022 Jul;36(4):1303-1311. doi: 10.1111/jvim.16453. Epub 2022 Jun 3.
Metaphyseal sclerosis secondary to canine distemper virus has been described histopathologically, but its radiographic appearance has not been described.
Describe the radiographic appearance of metaphyseal sclerosis secondary to canine distemper virus in juvenile dogs as distinct from metaphyseal osteopathy (formerly called hypertrophic osteodystrophy).
Four dogs (2 intact females and 2 intact males) between 2.5 and 4 months of age presented to 2 different veterinary teaching hospitals.
Retrospective case series in which definitive diagnosis of canine distemper virus based on antemortem positive reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) result or necropsy was required.
All 4 dogs were presented for evaluation of neurologic abnormalities, respiratory signs, and lethargy; 2 dogs had gastrointestinal signs and ocular abnormalities. Radiographs on all patients featured multifocal, symmetric, metaphyseal sclerosis, with no evidence of lysis or changes to the adjacent growth plate. The metaphyseal sclerosis was most apparent at the proximal humeral diaphyses and other included long bones. Diagnosis of distemper was confirmed by necropsy (2 of 4 dogs) or positive RT-PCR results (2 of 4 dogs). Three dogs were euthanized because of progressive illness, and 1 dog was lost to follow-up.
Identification of metaphyseal sclerosis on radiographs during diagnostic evaluation of young dogs should lead to a clinical suspicion of canine distemper virus infection. Sclerosis identified secondary to canine distemper virus is distinct from the necrosis and inflammation of metaphyseal osteopathy.
犬瘟热病毒引起的干骺端硬化已在组织病理学上描述过，但尚未描述其放射学表现。
描述幼年犬犬瘟热病毒继发干骺端硬化的放射学表现，与干骺端骨病（以前称为肥大性骨营养不良）不同。
4 只犬（2 只未去势雌性和 2 只未去势雄性），年龄在 2.5 至 4 个月之间，分别来自 2 家不同的兽医教学医院。
回顾性病例系列研究，需要基于生前阳性逆转录-聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）结果或尸检确诊犬瘟热病毒。
所有 4 只犬均因神经异常、呼吸症状和嗜睡而就诊；2 只犬有胃肠道症状和眼部异常。所有患者的放射学表现均为多发性、对称性干骺端硬化，无骨溶解或邻近生长板改变的证据。干骺端硬化在肱骨近端骨干和其他长骨最为明显。通过尸检（4 只犬中的 2 只）或 RT-PCR 阳性结果（4 只犬中的 2 只）确诊为犬瘟热。3 只犬因进行性疾病而被安乐死，1 只犬失访。
在年轻犬的诊断评估过程中，如果在放射学上发现干骺端硬化，应怀疑犬瘟热病毒感染。犬瘟热病毒继发的硬化与干骺端骨病的坏死和炎症不同。
