Small Animal Surgery, BluePearl Veterinary Partners, Overland Park, Kansas, USA.
J Small Anim Pract. 2022 Jan;63(1):3-9. doi: 10.1111/jsap.13413. Epub 2021 Sep 7.
Hypertrophic osteodystrophy is an uncommon orthopaedic disease that affects young, growing dogs. Aetiology is currently unknown; however, several unproven etiologies have been theorised in the literature including canine distemper virus, previous vaccination, hereditary causes and auto-immune disorders. Affected animals often present with varying degrees of lameness, lethargy, pyrexia and/or distal metaphyseal swelling of affected limbs. An index of suspicion is based on clinical signs. Confirmation is obtained with radiographs of the affected limb(s) by the presence of a "double physis," or a radiolucent line that is parallel to the physis. Treatment varies depending on degree affected, but generally consists of anti-inflammatory steroids, pain medications, gastrointestinal support, nutritional management and appropriate supportive care. Critically affected patients require intensive monitoring and more aggressive supportive care for prevention of life-threatening sequalae. Prognosis is very favourable with mildly and moderately affected patients, but good to guarded in severely affected patients.
肥大性骨营养不良是一种罕见的影响幼犬的骨科疾病。目前其病因尚不清楚；然而，文献中提出了几种未经证实的病因，包括犬瘟热病毒、既往疫苗接种、遗传原因和自身免疫性疾病。受影响的动物常出现不同程度的跛行、嗜睡、发热和/或受影响肢体的远端干骺端肿胀。临床症状提示怀疑。通过受影响肢体的 X 射线检查可确诊“双骺”，即与骺线平行的透亮线。治疗方法取决于受影响的程度，但通常包括抗炎类固醇、止痛药、胃肠道支持、营养管理和适当的支持性护理。重症患者需要进行强化监测和更积极的支持性护理，以预防危及生命的后遗症。轻度和中度受影响的患者预后非常好，但重度受影响的患者预后良好至一般。
