Baumgärtner W, Boyce R W, Alldinger S, Axthelm M K, Weisbrode S E, Krakowka S, Gaedke K
Institut für Veterinär-Pathologie, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Germany.
Vet Microbiol. 1995 May;44(2-4):201-9. doi: 10.1016/0378-1135(95)00013-z.
Bone lesions, restricted to the metaphyses of long bones, were observed in young dogs with systemic distemper following experimental and spontaneous infection. Canine distemper virus (CDV) antigen was found immunocytochemically in hematopoietic marrow cells, osteoclasts, osteoblasts and rarely in osteocytes. In experimentally infected dogs, viral antigen was demonstrated in the metaphysis between 5 and 36 days after infection. Associated lesions, characterized by necrosis of osteoclasts, persistence of primary spongiosa and atrophy and necrosis of osteoblasts and marrow cells, were mild and most prominent between 8 and 32 days postinfection. Metaphyseal osteosclerosis (MO) of the long bones, varying from mild to severe, was observed macroscopically in 8 (19%) out of 42 dogs with spontaneous distemper. Affected animals were between 3 and 6 months of age and belonged mainly to the large breeds. In these animals, MO was characterized histologically by persistence of primary spongiosa, loss of bone marrow cells and necrosis of osteoclasts and bone marrow cells varying from mild to severe. Summarized, CDV-associated bone lesions were only transient and there were no indications of viral persistence in bones of dogs experimentally infected with CDV. Although no clinical signs related to the bones were observed, the present study reveals that infection of metaphyseal bone cells is common in young dogs with systemic distemper and occurrence of viral antigen in these cells results in defects in bone modelling.
在实验性感染和自然感染犬瘟热的幼犬中，观察到骨病变局限于长骨的干骺端。通过免疫细胞化学方法在造血骨髓细胞、破骨细胞、成骨细胞中发现了犬瘟热病毒（CDV）抗原，在骨细胞中很少发现。在实验感染的犬中，感染后5至36天在干骺端检测到病毒抗原。相关病变的特征为破骨细胞坏死、初级骨小梁持续存在以及成骨细胞和骨髓细胞萎缩和坏死，病变较轻，在感染后8至32天最为明显。在42只自然感染犬瘟热的犬中，有8只（19%）在宏观上观察到长骨干骺端骨硬化（MO），程度从轻度到重度不等。受影响的动物年龄在3至6个月之间，主要为大型犬种。在这些动物中，MO的组织学特征为初级骨小梁持续存在、骨髓细胞减少以及破骨细胞和骨髓细胞坏死，程度从轻度到重度不等。总之，与CDV相关的骨病变只是暂时的，在实验感染CDV的犬的骨骼中没有病毒持续存在的迹象。尽管未观察到与骨骼相关的临床症状，但本研究表明，在全身性犬瘟热的幼犬中，干骺端骨细胞感染很常见，这些细胞中病毒抗原的出现导致骨建模缺陷。
