Reproductive and Developmental Sciences Program, Department of Animal Science, East Lansing, MI, USA.
Department of Computational Mathematics, Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
Biol Reprod. 2022 Sep 12;107(3):813-822. doi: 10.1093/biolre/ioac116.
The anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) produced by the granulosa cells of growing follicles is critical for folliculogenesis and is clinically used as a diagnostic and prognostic marker of female fertility. Previous studies report that AMH-pretreatment in mice creates a pool of quiescent follicles that are released following superovulation, resulting in an increased number of ovulated oocytes. However, the quality and developmental competency of oocytes derived from AMH-induced accumulated follicles as well as the effect of AMH treatment on live birth are not known. This study reports that AMH priming positively affects oocyte maturation and early embryonic development culminating in higher number of live births. Our results show that AMH treatment results in good-quality oocytes with greater developmental competence that enhances embryonic development resulting in blastocysts with higher gene expression. The transcriptomic analysis of oocytes from AMH-primed mice compared with those of control mice reveal that AMH upregulates a large number of genes and pathways associated with oocyte quality and embryonic development. Mitochondrial function is the most affected pathway by AMH priming, which is supported by more abundant active mitochondria, mitochondrial DNA content and adenosine triphosphate levels in oocytes and embryos isolated from AMH-primed animals compared with control animals. These studies for the first time provide an insight into the overall impact of AMH on female fertility and highlight the critical knowledge necessary to develop AMH as a therapeutic option to improve female fertility.
抗苗勒氏管激素（AMH）由生长卵泡的颗粒细胞产生，对卵泡发生至关重要，临床上可作为女性生育力的诊断和预后标志物。先前的研究报告称，在小鼠中进行 AMH 预处理会产生一批静止卵泡，这些卵泡在超排卵后被释放，从而导致排卵的卵母细胞数量增加。然而，AMH 诱导的累积卵泡中卵母细胞的质量和发育能力以及 AMH 治疗对活产的影响尚不清楚。本研究报告称，AMH 预处理对卵母细胞成熟和早期胚胎发育有积极影响，最终导致活产数量增加。我们的结果表明，AMH 处理会产生具有更高发育能力的优质卵母细胞，从而增强胚胎发育，产生具有更高基因表达的囊胚。与对照组相比，来自 AMH 预处理小鼠的卵母细胞的转录组分析显示，AMH 上调了大量与卵母细胞质量和胚胎发育相关的基因和途径。线粒体功能是 AMH 预处理受影响最大的途径，这得到了来自 AMH 预处理动物的卵母细胞和胚胎中更丰富的活性线粒体、线粒体 DNA 含量和三磷酸腺苷水平的支持。这些研究首次深入了解了 AMH 对女性生育力的整体影响，并强调了开发 AMH 作为改善女性生育力的治疗选择所需的关键知识。
