Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA.
Int J Cancer. 2022 Oct 15;151(8):1248-1260. doi: 10.1002/ijc.34145. Epub 2022 Jun 30.
The oral microbiome, like the fecal microbiome, may be related to breast cancer risk. Therefore, we investigated whether the oral microbiome was associated with breast cancer and nonmalignant breast disease, and its relationship with the fecal microbiome in a case-control study in Ghana. A total of 881 women were included (369 breast cancers, 93 nonmalignant cases and 419 population-based controls). The V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene was sequenced from oral and fecal samples. Alpha-diversity (observed amplicon sequence variants [ASVs], Shannon index and Faith's Phylogenetic Diversity) and beta-diversity (Bray-Curtis, Jaccard and weighted and unweighted UniFrac) metrics were computed. MiRKAT and logistic regression models were used to investigate the case-control associations. Oral sample alpha-diversity was inversely associated with breast cancer and nonmalignant breast disease with odds ratios (95% CIs) per every 10 observed ASVs of 0.86 (0.83-0.89) and 0.79 (0.73-0.85), respectively, compared to controls. Beta-diversity was also associated with breast cancer and nonmalignant breast disease compared to controls (P ≤ .001). The relative abundances of Porphyromonas and Fusobacterium were lower for breast cancer cases compared to controls. Alpha-diversity and presence/relative abundance of specific genera from the oral and fecal microbiome were strongly correlated among breast cancer cases, but weakly correlated among controls. Particularly, the relative abundance of oral Porphyromonas was strongly, inversely correlated with fecal Bacteroides among breast cancer cases (r = -.37, P ≤ .001). Many oral microbial metrics were strongly associated with breast cancer and nonmalignant breast disease, and strongly correlated with fecal microbiome among breast cancer cases, but not controls.
口腔微生物群与粪便微生物群一样，可能与乳腺癌风险有关。因此，我们在加纳的一项病例对照研究中调查了口腔微生物群是否与乳腺癌和非恶性乳腺疾病有关，以及它与粪便微生物群的关系。共纳入 881 名女性（369 例乳腺癌、93 例非恶性病例和 419 例基于人群的对照）。从口腔和粪便样本中测序了 16S rRNA 基因的 V4 区。计算了 alpha 多样性（观察到的扩增子序列变异体 [ASV]、香农指数和 Faith 的系统发育多样性）和 beta 多样性（Bray-Curtis、Jaccard 和加权和非加权 UniFrac）指标。使用 MiRKAT 和逻辑回归模型来研究病例对照关联。口腔样本 alpha 多样性与乳腺癌和非恶性乳腺疾病呈负相关，与对照组相比，每增加 10 个观察到的 ASV，比值比（95%CI）分别为 0.86（0.83-0.89）和 0.79（0.73-0.85）。与对照组相比，beta 多样性也与乳腺癌和非恶性乳腺疾病相关（P ≤ .001）。与对照组相比，乳腺癌病例中普氏菌属和梭杆菌属的相对丰度较低。口腔和粪便微生物组中特定属的 alpha 多样性和存在/相对丰度在乳腺癌病例中强烈相关，但在对照组中相关性较弱。特别是，口腔普氏菌的相对丰度与乳腺癌病例中的粪便拟杆菌呈强烈负相关（r = -.37，P ≤ .001）。许多口腔微生物学指标与乳腺癌和非恶性乳腺疾病强烈相关，并且在乳腺癌病例中与粪便微生物群强烈相关，但在对照组中相关性较弱。
