Moor Irene, Bieber Janis, Niederschuh Liska, Winter Kristina
Institut für Medizinische Soziologie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Str. 8, 06112, Halle/Saale, Deutschland.
Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz. 2022 Jul;65(7-8):749-757. doi: 10.1007/s00103-022-03551-w. Epub 2022 Jun 3.
Socioeconomic health inequalities are a major field of action in public health and tackling them is one of its main goals. However, there has been little success in reducing these health inequalities. This points to a large research deficit. Inequalities in health are already evident in childhood and adolescence, showing that those with a low socioeconomic background have more risk factors and at the same time fewer resources than their socially more privileged peers. Although health promotion aims at achieving equity in health, interventions rarely consider the socioeconomic status and can therefore provide only little evidence regarding socioeconomically differentiated intervention effects. How can we ensure that all children and young people have equal chances to grow up healthy?In order to come closer to answering this question, it is the aim of this article to give an overview of health inequalities in childhood and adolescence and to highlight the contribution of school and school-based health promotion interventions for tackling health inequalities and increasing equity in health. School is not only a place where adolescents can always be reached, regardless of their socioeconomic background, it has the potential to both exacerbate and reduce health inequalities.
社会经济健康不平等是公共卫生领域的一个主要行动领域，解决这些不平等问题是其主要目标之一。然而，在减少这些健康不平等方面成效甚微。这表明存在很大的研究不足。健康不平等在儿童期和青少年期就已很明显，这表明社会经济背景较低的儿童比社会地位更优越的同龄人有更多风险因素，同时资源更少。尽管健康促进旨在实现健康公平，但干预措施很少考虑社会经济地位，因此关于社会经济差异干预效果的证据很少。我们如何确保所有儿童和年轻人都有平等的机会健康成长？为了更接近回答这个问题，本文旨在概述儿童期和青少年期的健康不平等，并强调学校及基于学校的健康促进干预措施在解决健康不平等和增强健康公平方面的作用。学校不仅是一个无论青少年社会经济背景如何都能接触到他们的场所，它既有可能加剧也有可能减少健康不平等。
