Particles-Biology Interactions Laboratory, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland.
Technology and Society Laboratory, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland.
Environ Sci Technol. 2022 Jun 21;56(12):8552-8560. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.2c01816. Epub 2022 Jun 3.
Today's scarcity of animal toxicological data for nanomaterials could be lifted by substituting data with data to calculate nanomaterials' effect factors (EF) for Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). Here, we present a step-by-step procedure to calculate -to- extrapolation factors to estimate human Benchmark Doses and subsequently -based EFs for several inhaled nonsoluble nanomaterials. Based on mouse data, the -based EF of TiO is between 2.76 · 10 and 1.10 · 10 cases/(m/g·kg intake), depending on the aerodynamic size of the particle, which is in good agreement with -based EFs (1.51 · 10-5.6 · 10 cases/(m/g·kg intake)). The EF for amorphous silica is in a similar range as for TiO, but the result is less robust due to only few data available. The results based on rat data are very different, confirming the importance of selecting animal species representative of human responses. The discrepancy between and animal data in terms of availability and quality limits the coverage of further nanomaterials. Systematic testing on human and animal cells is needed to reduce the variability in toxicological response determined by the differences in experimental conditions, thus helping improve the predictivity of -to- extrapolation factors.
目前，纳米材料的动物毒理学数据稀缺，可以通过替代数据来计算纳米材料的生命周期评估（LCA）效应因素（EF）。在这里，我们提出了一个逐步的程序来计算从到外推的因素，以估计人类的基准剂量，并随后基于几种吸入性不可溶性纳米材料的 EF。基于小鼠数据，TiO 的 -based EF 介于 2.76·10 和 1.10·10 情况/（m/g·kg 摄入量）之间，这取决于颗粒的空气动力学尺寸，与 -based EF（1.51·10-5.6·10 情况/（m/g·kg 摄入量））非常吻合。无定形二氧化硅的 EF 与 TiO 相似，但由于可用的数据较少，结果不太可靠。基于大鼠数据的结果则大不相同，这证实了选择代表人类反应的动物物种的重要性。动物数据在可用性和质量方面的差异限制了进一步纳米材料的涵盖范围。需要对人类和动物细胞进行系统测试，以减少毒理学反应的可变性，这是由实验条件的差异决定的，从而有助于提高从到外推的因素的预测性。
