RPS Ocean Science, South Kingstown, RI, USA.
The Intelligence Group, Portland, ME, USA.
Mar Pollut Bull. 2022 Jul;180:113778. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113778. Epub 2022 May 31.
Recent completion of oil fate modeling and a mass budget of the Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil spill allows for a counter-historical study using quantitative Comparative Risk Assessment (CRA) methodology. Novel application of subsea dispersant injection (SSDI) during the response reduced surfacing oil, volatile organic carbon emissions, and oil on shorelines. The effectiveness of that application, and potential alternatives had dispersant not been used or been used more aggressively, were evaluated by modifying and comparing the validated oil fate model under different SSDI strategies. A comparison of mass balance results, exposure metrics, and CRA scoring for Valued Ecological Components (VECs) shows the value of SSDI in achieving risk reduction and tradeoffs that were made. Actual SSDI applied during the DWH oil spill reduced exposures to varying degrees for different VECs. Exposures and relative risks across the ecosystem would have been substantially reduced with more effective SSDI.
最近完成的深水地平线（DWH）溢油事故的油运移模型和质量预算工作，使得可以使用定量比较风险评估（CRA）方法进行反历史研究。在应对过程中，海底分散剂注入（SSDI）的新应用减少了浮油、挥发性有机碳排放和海岸线上的油污。通过修改和比较不同 SSDI 策略下经过验证的油运移模型，评估了不使用或更积极使用分散剂的应用效果和潜在替代方案。对价值生态组分（VEC）的质量平衡结果、暴露指标和 CRA 评分进行比较，表明 SSDI 在实现风险降低和权衡方面的价值。在 DWH 溢油事故中实际应用的 SSDI 在不同的 VEC 上都在不同程度上降低了暴露量。如果采用更有效的 SSDI，整个生态系统的暴露量和相对风险将大大降低。
