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Mar Pollut Bull. 2018 Aug;133:984-1000. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.05.032. Epub 2018 Jun 19.
Subsea dispersant injection (SSDI) was a new oil spill response (OSR) technology deployed during the Deepwater Horizon accident. To integrate SSDI into future OSR decisions, a hypothetical deepwater oil spill to the Gulf of Mexico was simulated and a comparative risk assessment (CRA) tool applied to contrast three response strategies: (1) no intervention; (2) mechanical recovery, in-situ burning, and surface dispersants; and, (3) SSDI in addition to responses in (2). A comparative ecological risk assessment (CRA) was applied to multiple valued ecosystem components (VECs) inhabiting different environmental compartments (ECs) using EC-specific exposure and relative VEC population density and recovery time indices. Results demonstrated the added benefit of SSDI since relative risks to shoreline, surface wildlife and most aquatic life VECs were reduced. Sensitivity of results to different assumptions was also tested to illustrate flexibility of the CRA tool in addressing different stakeholder priorities for mitigating the impacts of a deepwater blowout.
海底分散剂注入（SSDI）是在深水地平线事故期间部署的一种新的溢油应急（OSR）技术。为了将 SSDI 纳入未来的 OSR 决策中，模拟了墨西哥湾的深海溢油，并应用了对比风险评估（CRA）工具来对比三种应对策略：（1）不干预；（2）机械回收、就地燃烧和表面分散剂；以及，（3）SSDI 加上（2）中的应对措施。应用了一种比较生态风险评估（CRA）来评估居住在不同环境隔室（EC）中的多个有价值的生态系统组件（VEC），使用 EC 特定的暴露和相对 VEC 种群密度和恢复时间指数。结果表明 SSDI 的附加效益，因为海岸、表面野生动物和大多数水生生物 VEC 的相对风险降低了。还测试了结果对不同假设的敏感性，以说明 CRA 工具在应对不同利益相关者的优先事项方面的灵活性，以减轻深海井喷的影响。
