Department of Emergency, Rania Pediatric & Maternity Teaching Hospital, Rania, Sulaimani, Kurdistan-region, Iraq; Department of Adult Nursing, University of Raparin, Rania, Sulaimani, Kurdistan-region, Iraq.
Department of Adult Nursing, RAK Medical and Health Sciences University, Ras Al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates.
Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2022 Jun;16(6):102513. doi: 10.1016/j.dsx.2022.102513. Epub 2022 May 27.
Recent media reports of myocarditis after receiving COVID-19 vaccines, particularly the messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines, are causing public concern. This review summarizes information from published case series and case reports, emphasizing patient and disease characteristics, investigation, and clinical outcomes, to provide a comprehensive picture of the condition.
A systematic literature search of PubMed and Google scholar was conducted from inception to April 27, 2022. Individuals who develop myocarditis after receiving the COVID-19 vaccine, regardless of the type of vaccine and dose, were included in the study.
Sixty-two studies, including 218 cases, participated in the current systematic review. The median age was 29.2 years; 92.2% were male and 7.8% were female. 72.4% of patients received the Pfizer-BioNTech (BNT162b2) vaccine, 23.8% of patients received the Moderna COVID-19 Vaccine (mRNA-1273), and the rest of the 3.5% received other types of COVID-19 vaccine. Furthermore, most myocarditis cases (82.1%) occurred after the second vaccine dose, after a median time interval of 3.5 days. The most frequently reported symptoms were chest pain, myalgia/body aches and fever. Troponin levels were consistently elevated in 98.6% of patients. The admission ECG was abnormal in 88.5% of cases, and the left LVEF was lower than 50% in 21.5% of cases. Most patients (92.6%) resolved symptoms and recovered, and only three patients died.
These findings may help public health policy to consider myocarditis in the context of the benefits of COVID-19 vaccination.
最近媒体报道的 COVID-19 疫苗（尤其是信使 RNA [mRNA] 疫苗）接种后心肌炎，引起了公众关注。本综述总结了已发表的病例系列和病例报告中的信息，重点介绍了患者和疾病特征、检查和临床结局，以全面了解该疾病。
从建库至 2022 年 4 月 27 日，对 PubMed 和 Google Scholar 进行了系统文献检索。本研究纳入了接种 COVID-19 疫苗后发生心肌炎的个体，无论疫苗类型和剂量如何。
共有 62 项研究（包括 218 例病例）参与了本次系统综述。患者的中位年龄为 29.2 岁；92.2%为男性，7.8%为女性。72.4%的患者接种了辉瑞-生物科技（BNT162b2）疫苗，23.8%的患者接种了 Moderna COVID-19 疫苗（mRNA-1273），其余 3.5%的患者接种了其他类型的 COVID-19 疫苗。此外，大多数心肌炎病例（82.1%）发生在第二剂疫苗接种后，中位时间间隔为 3.5 天。最常报告的症状是胸痛、肌痛/全身疼痛和发热。98.6%的患者肌钙蛋白水平持续升高。88.5%的病例入院心电图异常，21.5%的病例左心室射血分数（LVEF）低于 50%。大多数患者（92.6%）症状缓解并康复，仅 3 例患者死亡。
这些发现可能有助于公共卫生政策在考虑 COVID-19 疫苗接种的益处时将心肌炎纳入其中。
