Hacimusalar Yunus, Karaaslan Ozgul, Misir Emre, Amuk Ozge Ceren, Hacimusalar Goknur
University of Health Sciences, Kayseri City Hospital, Department of Psychiatry - Kayseri - 38080 - Turkey.
Private System Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, - Kayseri - 38080 - Turkey.
Sleep Sci. 2022 Jan-Mar;15(1):47-54. doi: 10.5935/1984-0063.20210036.
Bipolar disorder (BD) and schizophrenia are chronic psychiatric disorders in which sleep disorders are commonly seen. In mental disorders, residual symptoms may persist even if symptoms are greatly reduced overall. The aim of this study was to compare the sleep quality of schizophrenia and BD patients in remission with that of healthy controls.
Forty-three patients with schizophrenia, 46 BD patients in remission for at least 3 months, and 51 healthy controls were included the study. The Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) were administered to all participants and the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) was administered to patients with schizophrenia.
Poor sleep quality was more frequent in the patient groups than the control group (=0.009). PSQI score was positively correlated with duration of disease (=0.236; =0.026), number of cigarettes smoked per day (=0.430; <0.001), body mass index (=0.189; =0.025), and negatively correlated with duration of remission (=-0.224; =0.0359).
Schizophrenia and BD patients in remission had worse sleep quality than a control group. Sleep quality was worst in the patients with schizophrenia. The severity of sleep disorder symptoms was positively associated with disease duration and negatively associated with duration of remission. Schizophrenia and BD patients should be carefully evaluated for symptoms of sleep disorders even when they are in clinical remission and should be offered additional treatment for sleep disorder symptoms when necessary.
双相情感障碍（BD）和精神分裂症是常见睡眠障碍的慢性精神疾病。在精神障碍中，即使症状总体上大幅减轻，残留症状仍可能持续存在。本研究的目的是比较缓解期精神分裂症和双相情感障碍患者与健康对照者的睡眠质量。
本研究纳入了43例精神分裂症患者、46例缓解至少3个月的双相情感障碍患者和51名健康对照者。对所有参与者进行贝克焦虑量表（BAI）、贝克抑郁量表（BDI）、杨氏躁狂评定量表（YMRS）和匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI）评估，并对精神分裂症患者进行阳性和阴性症状量表（PANSS）评估。
患者组睡眠质量差的情况比对照组更常见（P = 0.009）。PSQI评分与病程呈正相关（r = 0.236；P = 0.026）、与每日吸烟量呈正相关（r = 0.430；P < 0.001）、与体重指数呈正相关（r = 0.189；P = 0.025），与缓解期时长呈负相关（r = -0.224；P = 0.0359）。
缓解期的精神分裂症和双相情感障碍患者的睡眠质量比对照组差。精神分裂症患者的睡眠质量最差。睡眠障碍症状的严重程度与病程呈正相关，与缓解期时长呈负相关。即使精神分裂症和双相情感障碍患者处于临床缓解期，也应仔细评估其睡眠障碍症状，必要时应对睡眠障碍症状进行额外治疗。
