Liu Zhexi, Cao Yutao, Ai Yue, Yin Xiaonan, Wang Linli, Wang Mengyao, Zhang Bingkun, Lian Zhengxing, Wu Keliang, Guo Yuming, Han Hongbing
Beijing Key Laboratory of Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
Anim Nutr. 2022 Apr 21;10:124-136. doi: 10.1016/j.aninu.2022.04.001. eCollection 2022 Sep.
The declines in laying performance during the late production period have adverse effects on the length of the production cycle. Improving the nutrition of laying hens is a crucial measure to reverse this declination. This study investigated the effect of selenium yeast (SY) on egg production, ileal gene expression and microbiota, as well as elucidating their associations in aged laying hens. A total of 375 Jinghong laying hens at 76 weeks old were randomly assigned into 5 dietary treatments, which included a selenium-deficient basal diet based on corn-soybean meal, and dietary supplementation of SY at 0.15, 0.30 and 0.45 mg/kg, and sodium selenite at 0.45 mg/kg. The results showed that SY ameliorated the depression in aged laying performance in the 0.30 mg/kg group ( < 0.01). Selenium yeast significantly increased ileum selenium concentration ( < 0.05), and SY groups had higher selenium deposition efficiency than the sodium selenite group. Functional enrichment and Short Time-series Expression Miner (STEM) analysis indicated that SY activated metabolic progress (e.g., glycerolipid metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism, and fatty acid metabolism), immune response and oxidative stress response. Four hub genes including thioredoxin reductase 1 (), dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (), integrin linked kinase () and leucine zipper tumor suppressor 2 () were involved in intestinal metabolism which was closely associated with selenium deposition/status. Moreover, the relative abundance of , and was significantly increased, but the relative abundance of Stenotrophomonas was significantly decreased by SY supplementation. Multi-omics data integration and Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) showed that both the ileum selenium content and the laying rate were highly correlated with pathways and bacteria enriched in metabolism and immune response. Meanwhile, the "switched on" gene prostate stem cell antigen () had a positive relationship with and a negative relationship with the opportunistic pathogens . Overall, our study offered insight for the further exploration of the role of SY on boosting egg production and balancing ileum intestinal flora in aged laying hens.
产蛋后期产蛋性能的下降对生产周期的长度有不利影响。改善蛋鸡的营养是扭转这种下降趋势的关键措施。本研究调查了硒酵母（SY）对蛋鸡产蛋性能、回肠基因表达和微生物群的影响，并阐明了它们在老龄蛋鸡中的关联。总共375只76周龄的景洪蛋鸡被随机分为5种日粮处理组，其中包括基于玉米-豆粕的缺硒基础日粮，以及分别添加0.15、0.30和0.45 mg/kg的SY日粮，还有添加0.45 mg/kg亚硒酸钠的日粮。结果表明，0.30 mg/kg组的SY改善了老龄蛋鸡产蛋性能的下降（P<0.01）。硒酵母显著提高了回肠硒浓度（P<0.05），且SY组的硒沉积效率高于亚硒酸钠组。功能富集和短时序列表达挖掘（STEM）分析表明，SY激活了代谢进程（如甘油酯代谢、甘油磷脂代谢和脂肪酸代谢）、免疫反应和氧化应激反应。包括硫氧还蛋白还原酶1（TXNRD1）、二氢硫辛酰胺脱氢酶（DLD）、整合素连接激酶（ILK）和亮氨酸拉链肿瘤抑制因子2（LZTS2）在内的4个枢纽基因参与了与硒沉积/状态密切相关的肠道代谢。此外，添加SY后，Romboutsia、Turicibacter和Lactobacillus的相对丰度显著增加，但嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌的相对丰度显著降低。多组学数据整合和典范对应分析（CCA）表明，回肠硒含量和产蛋率均与代谢和免疫反应中富集的通路和细菌高度相关。同时，“开启”基因前列腺干细胞抗原（PSCA）与Romboutsia呈正相关，与机会致病菌嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌呈负相关。总体而言，我们的研究为进一步探索SY在提高老龄蛋鸡产蛋性能和平衡回肠肠道菌群方面的作用提供了见解。
