Yoshikawa Takanori, Hisano Hiroshi, Hibara Ken-Ichiro, Nie Jilu, Tanaka Yuki, Itoh Jun-Ichi, Taketa Shin
Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Kurashiki, Okayama 710-0046, Japan.
AoB Plants. 2022 May 5;14(3):plac019. doi: 10.1093/aobpla/plac019. eCollection 2022 Jun.
Barley () is the fourth most highly produced cereal in the world after wheat, rice and maize and is mainly utilized as malts and for animal feed. Barley, a model crop of the tribe Triticeae, is important in comparative analyses of Poaceae. However, molecular understanding about the developmental processes is limited in barley. Our previous work characterized one of two WUSCHEL-RELATED HOMEOBOX 3 () genes present in the barley genome: (). We demonstrated that plays a pivotal role in the development of lateral organs. In the present study, we describe a () mutant of barley focusing on flower and leaf phenotypes. The palea in the mutant was split into two and develop towards inside the lemma surrounding the carpels and anthers. The mutant is devoid of lodicules, which develop in a pair at the base of the stamen within the lemma in normal barley. also exhibited malformations in leaves, such as narrow leaf due to underdeveloped leaf-blade width, and reduced trichome density. Map-based cloning and expression analysis indicated that is identical to another barley gene, named The double mutant presented a more severe reduction in leaf-blade width and number of trichomes. By comparing the phenotypes and gene expression patterns of various mutants, we concluded that leaf bilateral outgrowth and trichome development are promoted by both and , but that serves unique and pivotal functions in barley development that differ from those of .
大麦（）是世界上产量第四高的谷物，仅次于小麦、水稻和玉米，主要用作麦芽和动物饲料。大麦是小麦族的模式作物，在禾本科的比较分析中很重要。然而，对大麦发育过程的分子理解有限。我们之前的工作对大麦基因组中存在的两个与WUSCHEL相关的同源异型盒3（）基因之一进行了表征：（）。我们证明在侧生器官的发育中起关键作用。在本研究中，我们描述了一个大麦（）突变体，重点关注花和叶的表型。突变体的内稃分裂成两个，并向包围心皮和花药的外稃内部生长。突变体没有浆片，而在正常大麦中浆片成对生长在稃片内雄蕊的基部。还表现出叶片畸形，如由于叶片宽度发育不全导致的窄叶，以及毛状体密度降低。基于图谱的克隆和表达分析表明与另一个大麦基因相同，命名为双突变体在叶片宽度和毛状体数量上表现出更严重的减少。通过比较各种突变体的表型和基因表达模式，我们得出结论，叶片的双侧生长和毛状体发育由和共同促进，但在大麦发育中具有独特且关键的功能，与不同。
