Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University Hospitals - Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Bolwell 6th, Floor, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA. Electronic address: https://twitter.com/SKAvasarala.
Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, T-1218 Medical Center North, 1161 21st Avenue South, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
Surg Clin North Am. 2022 Jun;102(3):393-412. doi: 10.1016/j.suc.2022.01.004. Epub 2022 Apr 21.
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide and within the United States. Although evidence-based screening has been shown to reduce cancer-related mortality, the late-stage presentation remains common. Bronchoscopy has been proven to be an essential tool in the diagnosis and management of lung cancer. Basic and advanced diagnostic bronchoscopic techniques offer a minimally invasive modality for diagnosing and staging patients with lung cancer. In patients with malignant endotracheobronchial disease, therapeutic bronchoscopy (flexible or rigid) is a safe procedure that palliates symptoms such as dyspnea and hemoptysis. In this article, we review the various endobronchial tools and strategies essential for the management of lung cancer.
肺癌是全球和美国癌症相关死亡的主要原因。虽然已经证明基于证据的筛查可以降低癌症相关死亡率，但晚期表现仍然很常见。支气管镜检查已被证明是诊断和管理肺癌的重要工具。基本和高级诊断性支气管镜技术为诊断和分期肺癌患者提供了一种微创方式。在患有恶性气管支气管疾病的患者中，治疗性支气管镜检查（软性或硬性）是一种安全的程序，可以缓解呼吸困难和咯血等症状。本文回顾了管理肺癌所必需的各种支气管内工具和策略。
