Universidade Federal de São Carlos - UFSCar, Departamento de Morfologia e Patologia, Programa de Pós Graduação em Biotecnologia, Laboratório de Microbiologia e Biomoléculas, São Carlos, SP, Brasil.
Braz J Biol. 2022 Jun 6;84:e258557. doi: 10.1590/1519-6984.258557. eCollection 2022.
Endophytic fungi colonize the inter- and/or intracellular regions of healthy plant tissues and have a close symbiotic relationship with their hosts. These microorganisms produce antibiotics, enzymes, and other bioactive compounds that enable them to survive in competitive habitats with other microorganisms. In addition, secondary metabolites confer protection to their host plant against other bacterial and fungal pathogens and/or can promote plant growth. Endophytic fungi are viewed as a promising source of bioactive natural products, which can be optimized through changes in growing conditions. The exploration of novel bioactive molecules produced by these microorganisms has been attracting attention from researchers. The chemical and functional diversity of natural products from endophytic fungi exhibits a broad spectrum of applications in medicine, agriculture, industry and the environment. Fungal endophytes can also enhance the photoprotective effects and photochemical efficiency in the host plants. Modern omic approaches have facilitated research investigating symbiotic plant-endophytic fungi interactions. Therefore, research on endophytic fungi can help discovery novel biomolecules for various biotechnological applications and develop a sustainable agriculture.
内生真菌定殖于健康植物组织的细胞内和/或细胞间区域，并与宿主形成密切的共生关系。这些微生物产生抗生素、酶和其他生物活性化合物，使它们能够在与其他微生物竞争的生境中生存。此外，次生代谢物赋予宿主植物抵御其他细菌和真菌病原体的保护作用，或者可以促进植物生长。内生真菌被视为生物活性天然产物的有前途的来源，可以通过改变生长条件进行优化。这些微生物产生的新型生物活性分子的探索引起了研究人员的关注。内生真菌来源的天然产物在医学、农业、工业和环境中的化学和功能多样性表现出广泛的应用前景。真菌内生菌还可以增强宿主植物的光保护作用和光化学效率。现代组学方法促进了对共生植物-内生真菌相互作用的研究。因此，内生真菌的研究有助于发现各种生物技术应用的新型生物分子，并开发可持续农业。
