Nisa Humeera, Kamili Azra N, Nawchoo Irshad A, Shafi Sana, Shameem Nowsheen, Bandh Suhaib A
Centre of Research for Development and Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar 190006, India.
Centre of Research for Development and Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar 190006, India.
Microb Pathog. 2015 May;82:50-9. doi: 10.1016/j.micpath.2015.04.001. Epub 2015 Apr 9.
Endophytic fungi are those that live internally in apparently healthy and asymptomatic hosts. Endophytic fungi appear to be ubiquitous; indeed, no study has yet shown the existence of a plant species without endophytes. High species diversity is another characteristic of endophytic mycobiota which is depicted by the fact that it is quite common for endophyte surveys to find assemblages consisting of more than 30 fungal species per host plant species. Medicinal plants had been used to isolate and characterize directly the bioactive metabolites. However, the discovery of fungal endophytes inside these plants with capacity to produce the same compounds shifted the focus of new drug sources from plants to fungi. Bioactive natural products from endophytic fungi, isolated from different plant species, are attracting considerable attention from natural product chemists and biologists alike which is clearly depicted by the steady increase of publications devoted to this topic during the recent years. This review will highlight the chemical potential of endophytic fungi with focus on the detection of pharmaceutically valuable plant constituents as products of fungal biosynthesis. In addition, it will cover newly discovered endophytic fungi and also new bioactive metabolites reported in recent years from fungal endophytes. It summarizes the up-to-date and comprehensive information on bioactive compounds from endophytic fungi by having done a thorough survey of literature.
内生真菌是指那些生活在表面健康且无症状宿主内部的真菌。内生真菌似乎无处不在；事实上，尚无研究表明存在没有内生菌的植物物种。高物种多样性是内生真菌群落的另一个特征，这表现为内生菌调查中常见每个宿主植物物种的组合由30多种真菌物种组成。药用植物已被用于直接分离和表征生物活性代谢产物。然而，在这些植物中发现具有产生相同化合物能力的真菌内生菌后，新药来源的重点从植物转移到了真菌。从不同植物物种中分离出的内生真菌产生的生物活性天然产物正吸引着天然产物化学家和生物学家的相当关注，近年来专门论述该主题的出版物稳步增加就清楚地表明了这一点。本综述将重点介绍内生真菌的化学潜力，着重于检测作为真菌生物合成产物的具有药学价值的植物成分。此外，它还将涵盖新发现的内生真菌以及近年来从真菌内生菌中报道的新生物活性代谢产物。通过对文献进行全面彻底的调研，总结了有关内生真菌生物活性化合物的最新全面信息。
