Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan.
Division of Traumatology, Research Institute, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan.
Sci Rep. 2022 Jun 8;12(1):9490. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-13826-6.
Air embolism is generally considered the most common cause of death within 1 h of a blast injury. Shock lung, respiratory arrest, and circulatory failure caused by vagal reflexes contribute to fatal injuries that lead to immediate death; however, informative mechanistic data are insufficient. Here we used a laser-induced shock wave (LISW) to determine the mechanism of acute fatalities associated with blast injuries. We applied the LISW to the forehead, upper neck, and thoracic dorsum of mice and examined their vital signs. Moreover, the LISW method is well suited for creating site-specific damage. Here we show that only mice with upper neck exposure, without damage elsewhere, died more frequently compared with the other injured groups. The peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO) of the former mice significantly decreased for < 1 min [p < 0.05] but improved within 3 min. The LISW exposure to the upper neck region was the most lethal factor, affecting the respiratory function. Protecting the upper neck region may reduce fatalities that are related to blast injuries.
空气栓塞通常被认为是爆炸伤后 1 小时内死亡的最常见原因。迷走反射引起的休克肺、呼吸停止和循环衰竭导致立即死亡的致命损伤；然而，信息性的机制数据不足。在这里，我们使用激光诱导冲击波 (LISW) 来确定与爆炸伤相关的急性死亡的机制。我们将 LISW 应用于小鼠的前额、上颈部和胸背部，并检查了它们的生命体征。此外，LISW 方法非常适合创建特定部位的损伤。在这里，我们表明，只有接受上颈部暴露而其他部位未受损的小鼠比其他受伤组更频繁地死亡。前者的外周血氧饱和度 (SpO) 显著降低<1 分钟[p<0.05]，但在 3 分钟内得到改善。上颈部区域的 LISW 暴露是最致命的因素，影响呼吸功能。保护上颈部区域可能会减少与爆炸伤相关的死亡。
