Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA; email:
Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Annu Rev Nutr. 2022 Aug 22;42:337-375. doi: 10.1146/annurev-nutr-062320-121834. Epub 2022 Jun 9.
This review traces the discoveries that led to the recognition of selenium (Se) as an essential nutrient and discusses Se-responsive diseases in animals and humans in the context of current understanding of the molecular mechanisms of their pathogeneses. The article includes a comprehensive analysis of dietary sources, nutritional utilization, metabolic functions, and dietary requirements of Se across various species. We also compare the function and regulation of selenogenomes and selenoproteomes among rodents, food animals, and humans. The review addresses the metabolic impacts of high dietary Se intakes in different species and recent revelations of Se metabolites, means of increasing Se status, and the recycling of Se in food systems and ecosystems. Finally, research needs are identified for supporting basic science and practical applications of dietary Se in food, nutrition, and health across species.
本文追溯了导致人们认识到硒（Se）是一种必需营养素的发现过程，并结合目前对其发病机制的分子机制的理解，讨论了动物和人类的硒反应性疾病。本文包括对各种物种的膳食来源、营养利用、代谢功能和膳食硒需求的全面分析。我们还比较了啮齿动物、食用动物和人类的硒基因组和硒蛋白组的功能和调节。本文讨论了不同物种高膳食硒摄入的代谢影响，以及最近对硒代谢物、提高硒状态的方法，以及在食品系统和生态系统中硒的再循环的揭示。最后，确定了支持不同物种的食品、营养和健康中膳食硒的基础科学和实际应用的研究需求。
